After installing a new massive program, you may get the impression that the system has started to malfunction: system errors, lags, notifications of unclear content appear periodically. A situation may arise that by installing a new application, you have thereby violated the integrity of the operating system. In this case, you need to know how to do it checking the integrity of system files in Windows 10, in order to protect the OS from subsequent problems. In today's article we will talk about how to do this check, and what problems it will protect you from.
The top ten has two mechanisms for checking the integrity of the system and protected file objects, as well as their automatic reconstruction to a working form if any damage is found - these are SFC and DISM. As an addition to them, it is possible to launch the Repair-WindowImage key for the PowerShell system language, which uses the DISM mechanism in its work. As a rule, experts recommend using both of them in turn. This behavior can be explained by the fact that the list of files for testing has a number of profound differences. Below I will describe how to use both of these tools, as this is necessary for safe and comfortable work in Windows 10.
Important Note: The actions described in the article will not cause system conflicts or critical errors in your OS, however, if you have previously carried out any operations related to modifying the content or completely replacing the working objects of the system, during the reconstruction the cancellation of all previously performed operations will take effect.
How to use the SFC mechanism, which allows you to check the integrity of files and correct file objects in Windows 10
Many users have already dealt with a key designed to determine whether system objects are complete and consistent, sfc /scannow. By default, this key scans the HDD drive for the presence of Win 10 file protected objects and automatically corrects them.
To run the previously indicated command, you will need to use a console running in admin mode. To launch it, right-click on the “Start” button and select “Command Prompt (Administrator)” from the list. So, the console mode is running, now we set the parameter in the cmd environment sfc /scannow and finally press Enter.
After specifying the previously specified request, OS testing will be put into effect, after which any errors found related to lack of completeness that are relevant for correction will be corrected accordingly, and if none of them are detected, a message will appear on the display stating that that the sought-for problems related to integrity were not found in the operating system, which will give a positive impetus to try other search methods.
If you want to check the full form of not all file objects in the operating system, but only one specific object stored on the drive, use the key sfc /scanfile=”path_to_file”.
An important note regarding the operation of the SFC key: the specified command is not capable of correcting full-form errors found in files used by the OS during the current time period of the OS operation. To allow this problem, in the operating system there is an option to launch SFC in a restoration environment, and again through console mode.
How to boot into Win 10 recovery mode and use the SFC command there?
Windows 10 has a number of methods for loading in restoration mode. Here are a few of them:
- take the disk with the operating system distribution kit and insert it into the drive to laser discs, then boot from it. In addition, the disk function can be performed by a USB flash drive inserted into the corresponding USB slot. When booting from a blank or flash drive occurs, click the mouse in the lower left area of the display on the “System Restore” control;
— burn the OS recovery disk to a blank and boot from it;
- when the display shows the OS login screen, click on the “On” icon bottom right of the display, then hold down the Shift button and click on “Restart”.
When one of the options is activated, click on the menu item “Identification and correction of errors” -> “Advanced options” -> “Command line”. If you chose the last of the options described above, you will also be required to specify the administrator password used in the operating system.
If cmd mode is activated, use the following commands:
- list volume.
By entering the second of the specified parameters, the display will display a list logical devices. Pay special attention to the letters of devices reserved by the operating system and boot volumes. Since the recovery mode operates independently of the OS, volume letters may differ significantly from those presented in the standard functional environment.
Once you remember the letters that belong to the system boot volumes in the HDD structure, it’s worth asking a few more queries on the command line:
- sfc /scannow /offbootdir=C:\ /offwindir=C:\Windows\
Here volume C: is bootable, as we can see by looking at the last screenshot above. In your case the letter boot disk may differ from the one we got. In the end it will turn out running check integrity of system files in Windows 10, but this time using the SFC key it will be possible to check even files occupied by the operating system, which is what we have been trying to achieve for so long. The check may take a good half hour or even longer. If you are worried that your computer may freeze, check the cursor during testing: if it is blinking, then the test procedure is ongoing. When the process is completed, exit console mode and restart your PC.
Checking the integrity of system files in Windows 10 using the DISM utility
The DISM Win Image Processing and Scaling Service provides the ability to identify and correct problems with corrupted OS files that the SFS service could not detect. In addition to this, it is definitely worth resorting to DISM if SFC did not detect completeness violations of file objects in the operating environment, but you are almost sure that they are still present there.
To use DISM, let's run cmd mode again as administrator, and after that it's worth using the following queries:
— dism /Online /Cleanup-image /CheckHealth – allows you to obtain data on the status and possible damage to the component services of the Win environment. Moreover, this command does not perform the check itself, but only checks the previously specified values.
— dism /Online /Cleanup-image /ScanHealth – checks for faults and completeness of the component storage. This check may take quite a significant amount of time, but it is worth it. It is also possible that the procedure may freeze at 20%.
— dism /Online /Cleanup-image /RestoreHealth – carries out both testing and reconstruction of system objects of the operating system. Like the previous command, it requires a significant amount of time and may stop during the process.
You can also use the DISM command in the PowerShell software environment, activated in admin mode, using the Repair-WindowImage key. Let's take the following commands as examples:
— Repair-WindowsImage –Online –ScanHealth – check the integrity of system files in Windows 10.
— Repair-WindowsImage – Online – RestoreHealth – testing and correction of damage.
As you can see for yourself, checking the integrity of system files in Windows 10 is a simple and straightforward procedure that even a beginner can handle. Let us remind you once again that it is better to use all the mentioned tools together, rather than individually. This will help create the desired effect and achieve a certain result during the verification process.
This article shows the steps by which you can recover damaged Windows system files using the SFC utility
If the operating system is unstable and various errors are noticed in its operation, then to troubleshoot problems you can use the SFC command line utility to restore the integrity of damaged system files.
SFC (System File Checker) is a Windows system tool for checking and restoring system integrity, which scans and checks all protected Windows system files for errors and replaces damaged or missing files with a copy of Windows files located in the WinSxS directory.
How to check and repair damaged system files using the SFC utility
To scan and repair damaged system files, run the following command as an administrator:
Depending on the scan results, you will see one of the following messages:
Windows Resource Protection did not detect any integrity violations. This means that no damaged or missing files were found on the system.
Windows Resource Protection cannot perform the requested operation. This message means that an error occurred during scanning. If you encounter this issue, try running the command sfc /scannow
Windows Resource Protection detected corrupted files and successfully repaired them. See CBS.Log WinDir%\Logs\CBS\CBS.log for information. This message appears when the SFC utility was able to correct the problem. You can view detailed information about the files that were recovered in the log file stored in C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CBS.log
Windows Resource Protection has detected corrupted files, but is unable to repair some of them. See CBS.Log %WinDir%\Logs\CBS\CBS.log for information. In that Windows case Could not fix some files. Again, you can see the list of files in the log file stored in C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CBS.log. In this case, the user will have to manually replace the missing or corrupted files.
You can also check and restore damaged system files using open as administrator.
How to check and repair damaged system files if the system does not boot
If the operating system does not boot, then you can also use the tool to restore the integrity of damaged system files, since the SFC utility supports offline scanning and recovery of damaged system files.
To do this you will need a (disk) with . Boot from installation media and on the regional settings selection screen, run command line, to do this, press the key combination Shift + F10
Now you need to find out the letter of the partition on which the Windows operating system that needs to be checked is installed. This must be done because the drive partition letters in the boot environment are often different from those used in the running system.
There are several ways to do this, for example diskpart, wmic or dir command, but we will use a different method.
At the command prompt, run the following command:
In the Notepad window that opens, select from its main menu File - Open...
In the Explorer window, you will see the available sections and the letters assigned to them. In this example, the partition on which the operating system is installed has the letter C. The Explorer and Notepad windows can now be closed.
Knowing the letter of the partition on which the operating system is installed, run the following command at the command line:
sfc /scannow /OFFBOOTDIR=C :\ /OFFWINDIR=C :\Windows
In this episode, I will show you how to check the integrity of Windows 10 system files, and if they are damaged, I will show you how to restore these files using the SFC and DISM commands.
From errors in operating system No user is immune to Windows 10. They can arise due to its purposeful or accidental interference in the operation of the OS, as well as due to the fault third party applications. If the operating system begins to complain about missing files, registry errors, or the inability to read items from Windows folders, you will need to check the integrity of its components.
The Windows 10 operating system provides 2 methods for analyzing file integrity - through tools SFC.exe And DISM.exe. The commands do not replace each other, but complement each other, checking various system libraries for file integrity. That is why it is recommended to do not one of them, but both. The tools will allow you to check the integrity of Windows 10 files and replace damaged or modified elements with original ones.
Please note that if you or the Computer Administrator previously specifically made changes to the system files of the operating system, they will be canceled. Windows Tools will replace the changed elements with the original ones, even if the problem in the operation of the computer or application is not caused by their actions.
Checking the integrity of files in Windows 10 using SFC
It is recommended to start checking the integrity of operating system files with the command SFC. It allows you to find errors in key files and fix them.
You can perform a check using SFC both in the familiar Windows 10 interface via the command line, and through the recovery environment; further we will analyze both of these methods.
Method-1: Through the command line in the Windows interface
It is better to start checking using SFC through standard interface Windows using the command line. Most often this is enough.
To check the integrity of the files you need to do the following:
- Run the command line as administrator (by the way). I'll use the keyboard shortcut Win+X and in the menu that opens on the left, select the item "Command Prompt (Administrator)"
- We write the command sfc /scannow and press Enter;
- After this, the process of scanning the system and replacing damaged (changed) elements will begin.
If there are no problems with the Windows system files, after checking we will see a message that "Windows Resource Protection did not detect an integrity violation".
In such a situation, you can go
However, in some situations, files that are responsible for displaying may not work correctly. GUI Windows and the system will not be able to fix them, since they are active. In such cases it is necessary to carry out SFC check through a recovery environment that does not require loading a graphical interface and is capable of working with these files, as well as changing them if necessary.
note If you suspect that the system failure is related to a specific file, you may not need to perform a full SFC check. Just enter the command sfc /scanfile=”address to file”, and it will be replaced instantly with the original version if changes were previously made to it or it works with an error.
Method-2: Through the recovery environment
To check the integrity of files using the SFC command through the recovery environment, you will need to perform the following steps:
- Click on the button in the lower left corner "Start" and go to "Options";
- Next, select "Update and Security", on the left side of the screen go to the tab "Recovery" and at point "Special boot options" click "Restart now". As a result of these actions, the computer will reboot;
- After this, you will need to start the system with advance. Will appear first language selection screen, and then proposal to install the system. At this stage, you need to click on the inscription in the lower left corner "System Restore";
- The recovery environment will load, where you need to launch the command line. To do this, click "Troubleshooting", then point "Extra options" and select an option "Command line";
- Next, the command line will launch, in which you must sequentially write the commands given below, and after each of them press Enter:
After executing the second command, a list of available volumes will be displayed. Here you need to pay attention to the disk that is reserved by the system and to system partition with the operating system. Next, you will need to manipulate them. 
Continue typing the commands:
sfc /scannow /offbootdir=C: /offwindir=E:Windows
The last command requires you to specify the drives that were noted above. That is, in the given example command drive C is the partition with the bootloader, and drive E– the location where the Windows 10 operating system is installed. 
Attention: There is a good chance that your drive letters will be different from those given in the example, so the command will vary.
- After entering the last of the four commands, an integrity scan of the operating system files will begin.
The advantage of working through the recovery environment is the ability of the SFC tool to replace the files that are needed to boot the Windows GUI.
The check in this case will take a little longer than when working through the command line in the operating system interface. In this case, the command line in the recovery environment will not graphically notify the user about the speed of the process. You can determine that the computer is working properly and the file integrity check has not frozen by the blinking underscore icon.
At the end of the scan, the user will see information that no integrity violations were detected or were successfully resolved. After this, you can move on to the second verification method - using the DISM tool.
Checking file integrity in Windows 10 using DISM
As noted above, after checking using SFC, it is recommended to start analyzing the system with the DISM tool. During the scan, it will examine other directories (and will once again “go through” the files that were scanned by SFC).
Scanning with the DISM tool is slightly different from analyzing the system using SFC. The user has the opportunity to select one of three commands to check the system. Each of them has a different level of impact.
When executing this command, the system checks the records made by diagnostic utilities to detect changed or problematic files in the system. The command is executed quickly, but there is no verification, and all data is based on previously recorded information.
dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth
This command is aimed at analyzing all system components to identify errors and damaged elements in them. In this case, only a check is carried out, and the user is notified about the presence or absence of problematic files. This check can take from several minutes to several hours, depending on the speed of work hard drive, its workload and the degree of interference with operating system files.
dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth
This command, unlike the previous one, not only checks the files, but also immediately replaces them with intact ones. It will also take from several minutes to several hours to complete.
Important: Please note that the last two commands that run the Windows 10 file integrity check may freeze at a certain percentage during execution (usually around 20). Under no circumstances should you reboot the system at this moment, because this situation is typical and interest will continue to accrue over time.
VIDEO: How to check FILE INTEGRITY in Windows 10?
Well, that's all for today! Please write in the comments have you ever checked the integrity of your system files? Or you prefer not to bother and just reinstall it.
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Good day to you, my dear loyal readers, lovers of gadgets, computers and simply guests of the site.
Yesterday my Windows 10 crashed, and so I had to look for a way to return it to the initial state system structure. This, as it turns out, can be done in several ways. Therefore, I will describe them all, and tell you how to restore system windows files 10. Let's go!
Restoring from an installation disk
Recover from installation disk allows you to return files to their original state without reinstalling the system. We insert the blank into the drive and reboot. Then click F2 and go to BIOS. There we set the boot from the optical drive.
At the next stage, click on the parameter system recovery.
Two points will appear, the first of which is what we need. It will allow you to return the operating system to its original state, therefore, it will restore our system files.
This procedure can also be performed using a bootable USB flash drive.
Recovering through a rollback point
Go to system properties. You can do this by clicking on the button start right-click the touchpad or mouse, and then select the subtitle - system. In the window that opens, click on this line.
A window with restore points will appear, we need the earliest date. Click it, and then follow the short instructions.
Recovery via built-in functions
Oddly enough, but in the wine itself there is such a feature as a reset to factory settings.
The method will help even if you do not have an online connection.
Open the menu start and there we click on the icon gears. Select from the menu update and security.
Under the line " return the computer to its original state» press the gray button begin.
A menu with two options will open.
- If you choose the first one, you will not lose your files, that is, only system units will be affected.
- In the second option, Windows will completely erase all information, leaving only the data that belongs to the operating system itself.
I would advise you to choose the first item.
In the next window just click reset.
Let's start from scratch
There is one more feature that allows you to return the system to its original state. You don't even need a distribution kit iso image. Go to security and recovery options. There, on the left side, select the block recovery and click on the line that I marked in the pic below.
A warning will appear stating that the software will be removed, however, all your personal files will not be affected. Click Further.
In the next window there will be a list of software that will be deleted. Click Further.
At the next stage, click " Start».
That's all. This method is much simpler than restoring from a flash drive. And it works without reinstalling the operating system itself.
We work via powershell
This method allows you to return all the data through powershell. To begin with, from the command line enter the command sfc /scannow. A window like this will pop up.
If everything is indicated as in the picture, then this method is suitable for us. Let's go to the menu start and look there Windows icon PowerShell. Right-click on it and run it as administrator.
Despite the fact that there are many programs for identifying errors in the Windows operating system, you can check the top ten for malfunctions. in simple ways without using software.
Ways to check Windows 10 for errors
The Windows 10 operating system has several standard utilities that can help you not only identify the error, but also fix it. Let's look at each of them.
The first is chkdsk. It is designed to scan the disk and its sectors for errors. The utility only works with hard drives, which are formatted in FAT32 and NTFS format. New file systems Not yet available for this firmware. To run chkdsk do the following:
- Click “Start”, “Command Prompt (Administrator)”.
- Enter the command “chkdsk C: /F /R”, where C is the letter system disk. However, if you run a check on a disk that is currently in use by the system, the utility will fail. Therefore, with this command you can check drive D.
- But, if you need to perform a system check, press “Y”. After the system reboots, the PC scan will start.
- To view the scan results, press “Win + R” and enter “msc”.
- The events window will open. Go to the “Application” section and enter “chkdsk” into the search.
- Let's look at the scan results.
You can also check the disk in Windows 10 using Explorer. To do this we do the following:
- Open Explorer. Select the disk and right-click on it. Select “Properties”. A new window will open.
- Go to the “Service” tab and click “Check”.
To check system files for errors in Windows 10, use the “sfc /scannow” command. It checks and fixes system files that have become corrupted under various circumstances.
To run the utility, you need to open a command prompt with administrator rights, enter “sfc /scannow” and wait for the scan results.
If this command cannot be executed, it can be run in safe mode or from the installation disk. To do this we do the following:
- Reboot the computer in safe mode;
- Select the “Diagnostics” section.
- In the next window, click on the “Advanced options” section.
- IN " Additional options"Select "Command Line".
- The console will open. We enter the following commands in order: “diskpart” and “list volume”.
- Here you need to select and remember the system partition and the system-reserved partition.
- Enter exit.
- We set the command to scan: “sfc /scannow /offbootdir=C:\ /offwindir=E:\Windows”, where C is the system partition, and E is the address to the folder with Windows 10.
If you cannot fix errors in Windows 10 using the “sfc /scannow” command, you should use the “DISM.exe” utility.
- Launch a command prompt with administrator rights and enter “dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth” to check the disk for errors.
- To check the integrity of the storage files, run the command “dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth”.
- If errors were found, enter “dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth”.
- You can find the report log at “Windows”, “Logs”, “DISM”, “log”.
The same commands can be used to edit the registry. Errors will be corrected correctly.
