Wine is an open source utility source code, which can launch some applications with Windows straight in Linux. Wine is compatible with almost all versions of Windows programs.
Wine (originally an acronym for Wine Is Not an Emulator) introduces a compatibility layer to allow Windows applications to run on several POSIX-compliant operating systems, such as Linux, Mac OSX, and BSD. Instead of simulating the internal logic for Windows, as in virtual machine or emulator, Wine translates the Windows API and puts it under POSIX while eliminating the performance and memory penalties of other methods and allows you to seamlessly integrate Windows applications into your desktop.
Wine began its existence back in 1993, under the leadership of Bob Amstadt, who wanted to write support for the performance of programs on Windows 3.1 for Linux. Very early on, leadership over the development of Wine passed to Alexandre Julliard, who has since become the project manager. Over the years, as Windows APIs and applications have evolved to take advantage of new hardware and software, wine has been adapted to support new features and has been ported to other operating systems and is becoming more stable each time, providing an increasingly better user experience.
The ambitious Wine project was rapidly written over the course of 15 years before the program finally reached v1.0, with the first stable release released in 2008. Nowadays, a large number of people use Vine to open various programs in Linux that are written for Windows.
Installing wine on Debian/Ubuntu/ Linux Mint
On Ubuntu/Mint run the command:
Before installation, you need to add the wine repository, and you can do it like this:
# sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
To add a repository, you need to install additional packages, if this does not work and you get the error:
Su: add-apt-repository: command not found
We update the list of repositories (so that the wine repository is updated):
# sudo apt-get update
And we begin to install the utility itself, Wine:
# sudo apt-get install wine1.7
Then install winetricks. Winetricks is a helper script for downloading and installing various redistributable libraries needed to run certain programs in Wine. These may include replacements for wine components using closed source libraries.
# sudo apt-get install winetricks
Installing wine on Debian
Let's see what packages are available for wine:
Root@debian:/usr/local/src# aptitude search ^wine i wine - Windows API implementation - standard suit p wine:i386 - Windows API implementation - standard suit p wine-bin:i386 - Windows API implementation - binaries p wine- binfmt - Windows API implementation - binfmt suppor p wine-binfmt:i386 - Windows API implementation - binfmt suppor p wine-development - Windows API implementation - standard suit p wine-development:i386 - Windows API implementation - standard suit v wine32 - p wine32 :i386 - Windows API implementation - 32-bit binary p wine32-dev-tools:i386 - Windows API implementation - 32-bit develo v wine32-development - p wine32-development:i386 - Windows API implementation - 32-bit binary p wine32 -development-preloader:i3 - Windows API implementation - prelinked 32- v wine32-development-tools - p wine32-development-tools:i386 - Windows API implementation - 32-bit develo v wine32-tools - p wine32-tools:i386 - Windows API implementation - 32-bit develo i A wine64 - Windows API implementation - 64-bit binary p wine64-bin - Windows API implementation - 64-bit helper p wine64-dev-tools - Windows API implementation - 64-bit develo p wine64 -development - Windows API implementation - 64-bit binary p wine64-development-preloader - Windows API implementation - prelinked 64- p wine64-development-tools - Windows API implementation - 64-bit develo p wine64-tools - Windows API implementation - 64 -bit develo root@debian:/usr/local/src#
Okay, the system has wine, let's install it:
# apt-get install wine
Let's run wine from the command line:
I was asked to run the command:
# dpkg --add-architecture i386 && apt-get update && apt-get install wine32
Installing winetricks on debian
Winetricks is GUI, which can be used to install some Windows applications on Linux, which will be used in wine. First, let's install the required package:
# apt-get install zenity
Load the winetricks script:
$ cd /usr/local/src && wget http://winetricks.org/winetricks
Add rights to execute (run) the script:
$ chmod +x winetricks
Launch winetricks:
$./winetricks
Winetricks can be used in command line:
$ ./winetricks apps list
You can not put stable version. But I didn't need it.
Setting up wine on Debian/Ubuntu/Linux Mint
1. Go to menu -> Wine -> Configure Wine, select the desired OS in the tab below (I chose windows 7, since I want to open applications from it). Click OK and close the window.
2. Open a terminal and write in it (to open winetricks and install additional libraries):
#winetricks
A window will open, select “Select the default winetricks” and click OK, YES, OK.
3. In the window that appears, go to the tab (check the box) “Install a Windows DLL or component”. We choose what needs to be installed for different needs, therefore you need to install additional components, I recommend selecting all the checkboxes and installing EVERYTHING. I'll just note wmp9 (this is a player).
Installation and configuration of wine on Debian/Ubuntu/Linux Mint is complete. I hope I have described it in detail, but if something remains unclear or not fully stated, then write me a comment and I will try to help you or correct this material.
All people love to play games. This activity helps to take your mind off the real world with its real problems and, at least for a short time, immerse yourself in the virtual world.
This is exactly how an article about games for Windows should have started. But today the conversation is not entirely about them. Today we will talk about games on Linux. Most people don't like this operating system just because it doesn't have "normal" games, no matter that it works great.
But those who want can play the same games on Linux as on Windows. Ask how? And it's very simple. Today we’ll talk about how Wine is installed and configured.
Those people who have been using Linux for a long time and have chosen it as the head of the OS probably do not need to define this software, but for others it is still worth explaining.
Wine is a program that makes it possible to run programs and Windows games. In other words, you can use it to play those games that are not intended for Linux and are, so to speak, exclusive to Windows.
It is noteworthy that the program is constantly evolving. So, a couple of years ago it was impossible to launch a game based on DiretX11 using it, but now everything has changed. Patches are constantly being released, and everything is quickly repaired if something is broken. If you prefer stability, then you can easily install the standard version of Wine and it will not surprise you unpleasantly.
The only downside is the relatively complex setup of Wine. But after reading this article, you will understand everything in a matter of minutes and do everything yourself.
Installation methods
Before telling how to set up Wine for games, it is necessary to first explain how it is installed.
Linux users know that the same action can be performed in different ways in their operating system, and with
Let's consider initially the simplest option, using the Package Manager or, as it is also called, the Program Manager. In principle, it doesn’t matter what it’s called, the main thing is that it works the same.
Initially, you need to open it. Next, in the search bar you need to enter the name of the program - Wine. The search begins. At the end of it, several options may appear in front of you. Simply select Wine without any extra characters and click “Install”. Wait while the program downloads and installs.
The second way is to use the terminal. Once you open it, enter:
sudo apt-get install wine
The download will begin followed by installation. However, there is a high probability that the download will not be the “fresh” version, this is due to the fact that the program is developing by leaps and bounds. Therefore we enter:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update
Now enter:
sudo apt-get install wine1.6
That's all, the software has just been installed via the Console. Now we’ll tell you how to configure Wine.
What you need to know about setting up Wine?
For Wine (Linux), the setup may not always go smoothly, but don’t worry if something doesn’t work out for you, you can return everything to its original position at any time. The easiest way would be to remove the program and reinstall it, but this is only in extreme cases.
The main thing is not to rush. In this matter, it is important to carefully read what needs to be done and when. But if you succeed, you will remember it for the rest of your life. Now let's get started.
First thing
There are two development options here, the differences in them are small, but still there. If you have 64-bit Linux distribution, then you and Wine have 64-bit installed, but this is not necessary. Therefore, enter this command into the terminal:
WINEARCH=win32 winecfg
After this, you should have the Wine settings open. Move it to the background and don't come back to it for now. If you have a 32-bit system, you can skip this step.
Now you need to download and install Winetricks. To do this, write in the terminal:
winetricks
If you do not have this program, you will be offered to download it. Download and install. Then launch it.
Winetricks allows you to quickly set up Wine itself. Having launched it in the first window, you need to select Select the default wineprefix. Click OK.
Setting up DLLs and fonts
We continue to talk about how the Wine setup proceeds. By clicking “OK”, we will see that a second window will open. It is necessary to highlight Install a font- this is to customize fonts. Click OK.
A window will open in front of you with all possible fonts for Wine. In order not to delay for a long time and not waste time, select everything at once and click OK. After this, the download and installation window will open. During this, do not move far from the computer, as it is likely that you will receive requests to confirm the operations being carried out. Agree with all of them.
It is likely that after selecting all the fonts and pressing the button, you will be shown an error and everything will be lost. In this case, you won’t be able to install everything at once and will have to do it separately. If after selecting an item you get an error, skip it.
Now let's move on to setting up the DLL. This is a very important point and cannot be skipped, because without installed DLLs It’s unlikely that you’ll be able to launch any game.
Click on Install a Windows DLL or component. A window similar to what was with the fonts will open in front of you. Not all components can be installed here, but some are required. In general, it would be better to do the same manipulations as with fonts. Try to install each of them one by one, ignoring those that give an error.
By the way, after trying to install some DLLs like dotnet30, you may get an error and open Explorer with the browser. In this case, on the browser page you need to download the proposed component and place it in the folder that was opened, and then perform the installation procedures again.
Registry settings
By the way, following these instructions, setting up Wine in Linux Mint works fine, although there should be no problems with other distributions either.
Let's move on to debugging the registry. To do this, in the second window, this time select Change setting. You can’t take any liberties here, and you won’t be able to install everything at once. Therefore, we follow the presented list of necessary settings:
ddr-opengl
multisampling - enabled
orm - f bo
psm - enabled
rtlm - auto
glsl - enabled- this is according to the standard, but if you have Nvidia video card, then it is better to choose disabled. This will improve gaming performance.
vsm - hardware
videomemory size 1024(select the amount of video card memory)
mwo - enabled (force)
That's basically all about Wine. Setting up Mint and other OS versions is no longer a problem for you, because this instruction works great for most distributions.
Remember one more thing: when installing Windows games, you cannot choose to install additional software. Uncheck the boxes. Also, once the installation is complete, uncheck the “Run now” checkbox. Launch via a shortcut on the desktop.
After a year of diligent development, WINE 2.0 was released. IN new version More than 6,600 code changes were made.
Among the key changes, developers name support Microsoft Office 2013 and launching 64-bit applications on macOS. The release also contains support for a large number of new applications and games. For those who use only stable releases in their work, the difference compared to previous version(1.8) will be simply colossal.
Among the significant updates, it is worth noting more complete support for DirectX 9, improved support for Direct3D 10 and 11, improved work with graphics adapters, support for GStreamer v 1.0 for audio output, increased Javascript performance in the built-in Gecko engine, and a large number of bugs fixed. Full list changes can be seen.
This is the first release under the new update plan - now new versions of WINE will be released annually. The numbering is also changing, now development releases will be numbered 2.1, 2.2, and so on, and the next stable release will be numbered 3.0.
Installing WINE 2.0 on Ubuntu
Wine 2.0 will soon be added to the official WINE repository on Launchpad from where it can be installed on any supported Ubuntu distribution. How to connect this repository and install latest version WINE written.
Wine is used to run applications from operating system Windows on Linux systems. Most often, this is necessary to install games or some specific software that has no analogues. In this article we will look at how to install Wine on Linux Mint 17.1.
Installing Wine on Linux Mint
Open a terminal and add the program repository using the command
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
Updating the list of packages
sudo apt-get update
And install wine
sudo apt-get install wine1.8
Close the terminal and go to the wine menu
There is nothing here yet, so we type the word “wine” into the search bar and find the configuration utility.
Setting up Wine in Linux Mint
We launch “Wine Setup” and the system will prompt us to install the Mono package. We agree and click on the “install” button.
In the next step we will be asked to install the Gecko package. Click on “install” again
After this, the following window will appear in front of us:
In the "applications" tab, select Windows version in which your program or game runs.
Go to the "drives" tab and click on the "autodetection" button. After that, click on "apply".
In the "audio" tab, click on the "check sound" button. If there is sound, then everything is fine, if not, then check if you have the pulseaudio package installed.
Now click on the “apply” and “ok” buttons.
How to use Wine on Linux Mint
As an example, we will install notepad2 using Wine. Go to the folder with the installation file, right-click on it and select “open in wine.
An installation window will appear in front of us. Click on "ok"
Upon completion of the installation, we receive a message that everything went as expected.
Now find notepad in the list of programs and launch it
Everything works and we can use the software we need. One point worth considering. All applications that you install through Wine are susceptible to viruses, so do not use this feature unless absolutely necessary.
Ability to run 32-bit applications on a 64-bit system
Nowadays, most users have a 64-bit version of the system installed on their computer, but there are times when it is necessary to run a 32-bit version of the program in wine. To do this, we need to use a prefix. For 64 bits, the command will look familiar:
wine winecfg
For 32 bit:
WINEARCH=win32 WINEPREFIX=~/.wine32 winecfg
As an example, let's run installation file office:
WINEARCH=win32 WINEPREFIX=~/.wine32 wine "/home/user/Microsoft Office 2003/ru_office_2003_pro/SETUP.EXE"
Please note that all 64-bit programs will be stored in the folder /.wine, and 32-bit in /.wine32(you need to create it yourself).
How to Completely Remove Wine on Linux Mint
Open a terminal and run the command
sudo apt-get autoremove wine1.7*
Wait until the program is uninstalled. After that, go to your home folder, check the box "display hidden files" and delete the folder .wine
