Educational program of the circle “Avtodelo. Automotive work program Educational programs Automotive circle

Educational program of the Avtodelo circle

The relevance of the subject is due to the need to convey and explain to students the importance of knowledge and compliance with traffic rules, correct behavior on the roads, road safety, as well as the need to have knowledge about the structure and technical features of a car.

This program is designed for 6 full cycles of classes. During this period, students are able to master the necessary material, and also be able to apply it in practice in the future. You can talk to students about their desire to apply their knowledge in work and private life in the future. Taking into account children's learning ability, it is necessary to use visual aids, car models, maps, diagrams, photos and video materials. At each lesson, simulators should be used to develop driving skills.

Training is carried out in a study group (4 people each) according to a curriculum taking into account the individual characteristics of adolescents.

The specifics of the work are as follows:

The composition of children is absolutely different levels, as well as different ages of students.

Target: Teach the basics of driving, instill responsibility for the life and health of yourself and others on the road. Teach students the basics of road safety

Training tasks:

- Introduce the basics of traffic rules

Train basic knowledge road safety.

Learn how to operate a car simulator.

Educational tasks:

Instilling discipline and responsibility

Understanding and recognizing the dangers of violating traffic rules

Developing the ability to work in a team.

Developmental tasks:

Development of a scientific approach and analytical abilities (the ability to analyze, delve into the essence of a problem and look for a way out of it);

Provide information about the technical characteristics of the car.

Principles:

Taking into account the individual characteristics of pupils

Taking into account the age characteristics of pupils

The pupil’s independent choice of activities according to his interests

Methods and means:

Verbal lectures (conversation, explanation, narration)

Visual (photos and videos, posters, models)

Practical (simulator exercises), quiz.

Games (outdoor relay races)

Meeting with traffic police inspectors

The final result of mastering the program:

Mastery of the fundamentals of theoretical and practical application knowledge on the subject "Automotive"

Total scope of the program:

34 - hours

1 Lesson cycle.

Lesson topic: introductory knowledge, history of the development of motor transport, classification of modern Vehicle, getting acquainted with the driving simulator, working on the driving simulator.

Tasks: to kindle in children an interest in the automotive industry and car manufacturing, to instill a culture of driving, to identify the interests and needs of children.

Form of classes: Free dialogue form, with demonstration of car models, video and photographic materials. Gaming. (quizzes, outdoor games)

To create and maintain interest among students, classes should be conducted in an elevated, narrative form, diluting the speech with photos and video material. Considering the age of the students, it is necessary to conduct classes in an interesting, playful way. This will give every child the opportunity to be involved in the learning process. It is important to reveal the lesson plan for the near future, explain why each topic is needed and why we are discussing it. When working individually on an auto-simulator, it is extremely important to pay personal attention to each child, thereby creating a positive microclimate in the team, necessary for further work.

2 Lesson cycle.

Lesson topic: Road signs, names and meaning. The structure of an internal combustion engine. Working on a car simulator (driving)

Tasks: Familiarizing children with road signs, the ability to distinguish and recognize them. Teaching teenagers how to change gears and operate a car simulator.

Form of classes: Free dialogue and game form, formulation and solution of traffic problems. Practical work on a driving simulator.

Methodological recommendations: It is extremely important to draw children’s attention to the importance of knowing and following traffic rules, the need to know road signs and the ability to apply knowledge in practice. It is necessary to convey to each child his responsibility, both for his life and health, and for those around him. Classes should be conducted in a playful way for better interest of students and easier learning of the material. When explaining the topic “Road Signs” it is necessary to use posters, photographs and handouts and table games for children.

While working on the simulator, children who show special zeal and better assimilation can be promoted to the rank of assistant trainees, they can help lagging students, give practical advice on working on a driving simulator. The teacher pays attention to children who have the hardest time driving and does everything possible to help them figure it out.

3 Lesson cycle.

Lesson topic: Prohibition signs. Gearbox, familiarization with the dashboard (practical work on a driving simulator).

Tasks: Explanations of the meanings of prohibition signs. Familiarize children with the dashboard. Children's mastery of gear shifting (explanation of the intricacies and interaction of components)

Form of classes: Free dialogue and play form. Practical work on the simulator (driving in “City” mode)

Methodological recommendations: To make it easier and more interesting for children to learn the material on the topic “Prohibitory Road Signs,” it is necessary to demonstrate illustrative material (posters, photos and videos) during the explanation process, as well as conduct games and quizzes. It is necessary to give examples of road situations, analyze game tasks. When practicing on an auto-simulator, you should use a differentiated approach to students and build training according to the principle “from simple to complex.” From the very beginning, children learn to drive a driving simulator along the simplest routes at 1-2 speeds. In the future, more complex tasks and more complex routes will be set. This is necessary to make the program easier to understand. It is also extremely important to teach children to understand the values ​​​​indicated on the dashboard (what is a tachometer, speedometer, etc.)

4 Lesson cycle.

Lesson topic: Dream car. The main components and mechanisms of the car. Pedals and levers. Working on a driving simulator.

Tasks: Find out what kind of car the guys dream of, how they see it. Reinforce previously acquired knowledge about gearboxes. Improving driving techniques using a simulator.

Form of classes: Group, lecture and game forms of work, analysis of traffic situations, using children's drawings. Drawing the “Dream Car”. Independent work on a driving simulator.

Methodological recommendations: To consolidate and develop in children the desire to drive a car, know the traffic rules, and be able to read signs and markings, it is necessary to visualize their desires, namely to draw their own car, the way it should be for each individual. Next, predict with each student the place where his car will “live.” It is necessary to simulate a number of automotive problems, which the student himself will have to analyze and rationally explain the need for certain of his actions.

For a more complete immersion in the process of studying a car, you should use automobile magazines, books on the automotive industry, photos and video material.

5 Lesson cycle.

Lesson topic: Traffic light. Road markings. Road patrol service. Car dashboard (reading tachometer and speedometer). Working on a driving simulator.

Tasks: Consolidate the acquired knowledge about the values ​​of the tachometer and speedometer, as well as other indicators on the dashboard. Familiarize children with traffic lights and traffic controllers.

Form of classes: Free dialogue form, with demonstration of video and photographic materials, survey of children. Game form. Individual work on a driving simulator.

Methodological recommendations: In order for children to learn and learn to understand the meanings of the dashboard, an individual approach to each student is necessary, namely: Demonstrate the operation of the tachometer and speedometer to each individual individually on a driving simulator, analyze each value in detail and explain it. Also, analyze the traffic controller’s movements and signals, give each student the opportunity to be, with the help of the game panel, a traffic controller, while using the traffic police baton, models of cars and roads. Visually demonstrate the operation of a traffic light.

6 Lesson cycle.

Lesson topic: Browse by topic. Test on traffic rules and driving.

Tasks: Testing the acquired knowledge and the ability to apply it in practice.

Form of classes: Examination - game. Working on a driving simulator.

Methodological recommendations: The driving test should be held under the strict guidance of a teacher; it will be close to a real test in a driving school. To successfully pass the tests, it is necessary to create a friendly and cozy environment, which will promote psychological calm, confidence and determination. After passing the exam, it is necessary to work on the most common mistakes in order to eliminate them.

Conditions for the program:

To fully implement the program, it is necessary to use the material and technical base of the circle, visual aids, posters, magazines, photos and videos, car models, cross-sectional parts and components, LED stands, and vehicle simulators. And also conduct a number of games, both in the office and on the street.

To conduct the final exam, tickets according to traffic rules are used.

Climbing classes take place in a specially equipped classroom using simulators.

As a cabinet design, there are LED stands, cross-sections of engine and gearbox components, as well as a working visual model of the operation of an internal combustion engine.

LITERATURE

Road Traffic Regulations, 1997

Examination tickets (categories B, C)

Car magazine TOP GEAR

Methods of teaching auto mechanics in high school. M. Education, 1982

Educational program of the Avtodelo circle

The relevance of the subject is due to the need to convey and explain to students the importance of knowledge and compliance with traffic rules, correct behavior on the roads, road safety, as well as the need to have knowledge about the structure and technical features of a car.

This program is designed for 6 full cycles of classes. During this period, students are able to master the necessary material, and also be able to apply it in practice in the future. You can talk to students about their desire to apply their knowledge in work and private life in the future. Taking into account children's learning ability, it is necessary to use visual aids, car models, maps, diagrams, photos and video materials. At each lesson, simulators should be used to develop driving skills.

Training is carried out in a study group (4 people each) according to a curriculum taking into account the individual characteristics of adolescents.

The specifics of the work are as follows:

The composition of children is absolutely different levels, as well as different ages of students.

Target: Teach the basics of driving, instill responsibility for the life and health of yourself and others on the road. Teach students the basics of road safety

Training tasks:

- Introduce the basics of traffic rules

Teach basic knowledge of road safety.

Learn how to operate a car simulator.

Educational tasks:

Instilling discipline and responsibility

Understanding and recognizing the dangers of violating traffic rules

Developing the ability to work in a team.

Developmental tasks:

Development of a scientific approach and analytical abilities (the ability to analyze, delve into the essence of a problem and look for a way out of it);

Provide information about the technical characteristics of the car.

Principles:

Taking into account the individual characteristics of pupils

Taking into account the age characteristics of pupils

The pupil’s independent choice of activities according to his interests

Methods and means:

Verbal lectures (conversation, explanation, narration)

Visual (photos and videos, posters, models)

Practical (simulator exercises), quiz.

Games (outdoor relay races)

Meeting with traffic police inspectors

The final result of mastering the program:

Mastering the basics of theoretical and practical application of knowledge in the subject "Automotive"

Total scope of the program:

34 - hours

1 Lesson cycle.

Lesson topic: introductory knowledge, history of the development of motor transport, classification of modern vehicles, familiarization with a driving simulator, working on a driving simulator.

Tasks: to kindle in children an interest in the automotive industry and car manufacturing, to instill a culture of driving, to identify the interests and needs of children.

Form of classes: Free dialogue form, with demonstration of car models, video and photographic materials. Gaming. (quizzes, outdoor games)

To create and maintain interest among students, classes should be conducted in an elevated, narrative form, diluting the speech with photos and video material. Considering the age of the students, it is necessary to conduct classes in an interesting, playful way. This will give every child the opportunity to be involved in the learning process. It is important to reveal the lesson plan for the near future, explain why each topic is needed and why we are discussing it. When working individually on an auto-simulator, it is extremely important to pay personal attention to each child, thereby creating a positive microclimate in the team, necessary for further work.

2 Lesson cycle.

Lesson topic: Road signs, names and meaning. The structure of an internal combustion engine. Working on a car simulator (driving)

Tasks: Familiarizing children with road signs, the ability to distinguish and recognize them. Teaching teenagers how to change gears and operate a car simulator.

Form of classes: Free dialogue and game form, formulation and solution of traffic problems. Practical work on a driving simulator.

Methodological recommendations: It is extremely important to draw children’s attention to the importance of knowing and following traffic rules, the need to know road signs and the ability to apply knowledge in practice. It is necessary to convey to each child his responsibility, both for his life and health, and for those around him. Classes should be conducted in a playful way for better interest of students and easier learning of the material. When explaining the topic “Road Signs” it is necessary to use posters, photographs and handouts and table games for children.

While working on the simulator, children who show special zeal and better assimilation can be promoted to the rank of trainee assistants; they can help lagging students and give practical advice on working on the simulator. The teacher pays attention to children who have the hardest time driving and does everything possible to help them figure it out.

3 Lesson cycle.

Lesson topic: Prohibition signs. Gearbox, familiarization with the dashboard (practical work on a driving simulator).

Tasks: Explanations of the meanings of prohibition signs. Familiarize children with the dashboard. Children's mastery of gear shifting (explanation of the intricacies and interaction of components)

Form of classes: Free dialogue and play form. Practical work on the simulator (driving in “City” mode)

Methodological recommendations: To make it easier and more interesting for children to learn the material on the topic “Prohibitory Road Signs,” it is necessary to demonstrate illustrative material (posters, photos and videos) during the explanation process, as well as conduct games and quizzes. It is necessary to give examples of road situations and analyze game tasks. When practicing on an auto-simulator, you should use a differentiated approach to students and build training according to the principle “from simple to complex.” From the very beginning, children learn to drive a driving simulator along the simplest routes at 1-2 speeds. In the future, more complex tasks and more complex routes will be set. This is necessary to make the program easier to understand. It is also extremely important to teach children to understand the values ​​​​indicated on the dashboard (what is a tachometer, speedometer, etc.)

4 Lesson cycle.

Lesson topic: Dream car. The main components and mechanisms of the car. Pedals and levers. Working on a driving simulator.

Tasks: Find out what kind of car the guys dream of, how they see it. Reinforce previously acquired knowledge about gearboxes. Improving driving techniques using a simulator.

Form of classes: Group, lecture and game forms of work, analysis of traffic situations, using children's drawings. Drawing the “Dream Car”. Independent work on a driving simulator.

Methodological recommendations: To consolidate and develop in children the desire to drive a car, know the traffic rules, and be able to read signs and markings, it is necessary to visualize their desires, namely to draw their own car, the way it should be for each individual. Next, predict with each student the place where his car will “live.” It is necessary to simulate a number of automotive problems, which the student himself will have to analyze and rationally explain the need for certain of his actions.

For a more complete immersion in the process of studying a car, you should use automobile magazines, books on the automotive industry, photos and video material.

5 Lesson cycle.

Lesson topic: Traffic light. Road markings. Road patrol service. Car dashboard (reading tachometer and speedometer). Working on a driving simulator.

Tasks: Consolidate the acquired knowledge about the values ​​of the tachometer and speedometer, as well as other indicators on the dashboard. Familiarize children with traffic lights and traffic controllers.

Form of classes: Free dialogue form, with demonstration of video and photographic materials, survey of children. Game form. Individual work on a driving simulator.

Methodological recommendations: In order for children to learn and learn to understand the meanings of the dashboard, an individual approach to each student is necessary, namely: Demonstrate the operation of the tachometer and speedometer to each individual individually on a driving simulator, analyze each value in detail and explain it. Also, analyze the traffic controller’s movements and signals, give each student the opportunity to be, with the help of the game panel, a traffic controller, while using the traffic police baton, models of cars and roads. Visually demonstrate the operation of a traffic light.

6 Lesson cycle.

Lesson topic: Browse by topic. Test on traffic rules and driving.

Tasks: Testing the acquired knowledge and the ability to apply it in practice.

Form of classes: Examination - game. Working on a driving simulator.

Methodological recommendations: The driving test should be held under the strict guidance of a teacher; it will be close to a real test in a driving school. To successfully pass the tests, it is necessary to create a friendly and cozy environment, which will promote psychological calm, confidence and determination. After passing the exam, it is necessary to work on the most common mistakes in order to eliminate them.

Conditions for the program:

To fully implement the program, it is necessary to use the material and technical base of the circle, visual aids, posters, magazines, photos and videos, car models, cross-sectional parts and components, LED stands, and vehicle simulators. And also conduct a number of games, both in the office and on the street.

To conduct the final exam, tickets according to traffic rules are used.

Climbing classes take place in a specially equipped classroom using simulators.

As a cabinet design, there are LED stands, cross-sections of engine and gearbox components, as well as a working visual model of the operation of an internal combustion engine.

LITERATURE

Road Traffic Regulations, 1997

Examination tickets (categories B, C)

Car magazine TOP GEAR

Methods of teaching auto mechanics in high school. M. Education, 1982

Municipal autonomous institution of additional education

"Fedorovsky Center for Continuing Education"

Additional general development program

"Auto World"

Age of students: 7 -18 years

Implementation period: 1 year

Khodova Albina Vagizovna

additional education teacher

Fedorovsky town, Surgut district

2017

EXPLANATORY NOTE

The additional general development program “Auto World” has a “Technical” focus.

Relevance of the program: is that it is aimed at promoting the professional self-determination of students through the acquisition of special knowledge, skills and abilities in the field of the Automotive world. The program allows you to carry out tests, assess your needs and capabilities, and make an informed choice of future professional activity.

The program is focused on the needs of children and parents.

Distinctive features of the program:

A distinctive feature of the program is the creation of conditions for social and professional self-determination, creative self-realization of the child’s personality. Depending on the individual abilities of the students, it is possible to quickly adjust the program taking into account a person-centered approach. Introduction to professions: Auto mechanic, car mechanic.

Educational intent:

Introduction to professions: car mechanic. The content of this program involves teaching children the ability to care for cars, give them tuning, the ability to use various tools, and perform some repair work on cars.

The result of practical activities -Students acquire skills and abilities in performing technological work on using tools for car repairs. I study car brands from different countries and learn to distinguish between them. They have precise movements, the ability to communicate, can express themselves in creativity, participate in competitions and be able to understand the structure of cars.

Training in this program is intended for children from 7 to 18 years old. The program allows the teacher to determine new order studying the material. In accordance with the academic calendar for the academic year, taking into account the class schedule, the number of hours may slide upward (the minimum number of academic weeks is 41). In this case, the forms and methods of organizing the educational process are changing towards differentiation and individualization: excursions, extracurricular activities, etc.

Forms of organization

The following forms of classes are used in the learning process: combined, discovery of new knowledge, generalizing, game, practice, presentation lesson, project lesson, excursion, temporary assembly of auto parts.

Pedagogical expediency.

In the educational process, theoretical and practical forms of conducting classes are possible; classes are conducted in groups of 10 people. Most of the time is devoted to individual consultations and individual work with students.

The educational process is based on the following principles:

The principle of systematicity;

The principle of accessibility of educational material;

The principle of visibility;

The principle of consciousness and activity;

The principle of individualization.

Expected Result:

Studying the course helps students acquire practical skills, the ability to communicate, perform various work related to the automobile industry, and be able to independently assemble or disassemble auto parts. and use tools correctly for their intended purpose.

Target: The content of the social course of the program is aimed at developing professional knowledge and skills in students in accordance with the requirements for the professional training of a car repair mechanic.

Educational objectives:

Development of the personality of a child capable of creative self-expression through mastering the basics of hairdressing.

Formation of a personality with a broad aesthetic outlook, education of a common culture.

Developmental tasks:

Expand students’ horizons about the modern automobile industry and the auto world in general.

To develop and promote the disclosure of creative abilities of students.

Develop communication skills, ability to work in a team, team

Educational tasks:

Develop discipline, see things through to the end, a sense of responsibility, and accuracy.

Support students’ endeavors in creative endeavors (competitions, performances, shows)

1 year of study

Age of pupils

7-18 years

Number of students in the group

Number of hours per week

4 hours

Total hours per year

164hours

The program consists of two modules:

1 module “Automotive construction” 68hours

Early career guidance is an opportunity to demonstrate their strengths and capabilities in the automotive business. Students become familiar with basic concepts: professional terminology, safety precautions when using tools. They become familiar with the structure of cars and their brands. They acquire skills in performing the main types of modern cars, motorcycles and ATVs.

Module 2 “Tuning a modern car” 96hours

Students acquire skills and abilities in performing technological work using tools for car tuning. They model cars based on different kinds cars and car brands. They have precise movements and can express themselves in car repairs and tuning.

Certification forms: testing, presentation, pedagogical observation.

1 module. “Automotive construction” 68 hours

Early career guidance is an opportunity to demonstrate your strengths and capabilities in the automotive business. Students become familiar with the technology of various methods of car repair.

Educational objective of the module:

Teach how to use tools for their intended purpose, mastery of technology. The ability to apply acquired knowledge in practice, use the correctness of their purpose.

Developmental task:

Develop imagination, imagination, instill interest in various brands of cars.

Educational task : instill respect for your own work and the work of your peers.

1 module “Automotive engineering”

Chapter

Lesson topic

Number of hours

THAT

BY

Total hours

"Car building" 68

I

Internal structure of the car20

1 module

Introductory lesson. Rules of conduct in the workplace. Introduction to related professions

Using tools to disassemble a car as a whole

Vehicle classification.

General structure of the internal combustion engine

Engine operation

Gas distribution mechanism

Difference between car brands (emblems)

What is the difference between domestic and foreign cars

Crank mechanism

Which cars are better to build. AND WHY?

Similarities and differences between different car brands.

II

30

Chassis Maintenance

ICE malfunctions

ICE malfunctions

Construction of a lifting mechanism for internal combustion engine repairs

Injection engine power supply system

Adjustments and lubrication system

Adjustments and lubrication system

Electrical equipment

Electrical equipment

Transmission

Automatic and manual transmission

Project implementation

Project implementation

III

Vehicle maintenance 18

Performing Wheel Maintenance

Lubrication system, practice

Lubrication system, practice

Filter maintenance

Assembly and installation of the wheel according to time

Engine assembly and disassembly.

Student project (presentation)

Personal results:

IN In the learning process, aesthetic taste is formed, respect for one’s own work and the work of one’s peers is instilled.

Meta-subject results:

By doing car repair work, children develop an interest in learning new and unusual things.

Subject results:

We got acquainted with the main types of modern tuning and car construction. Based on tuning domestic cars, I can express myself in various works.

Competency results:

Developed fantasy and imagination, mastery of technology, practice,use all tools correctly, skills, use of the necessary tools.

Forms of assessment:

Conducting competitions, “assembly and disassembly of various auto parts.”

Module 2 “Tuning a modern car” 96 hours

Studying the course helps students acquire practical skills, express themselves creatively, develop taste, and navigate the choice of profession. Practical work: each lesson provides for the inclusion of students in practical activities of a productive, creative nature.

Studying traffic signs, learning how to use them correctly in life and not breaking traffic rules.

Learning objectives of the module:

Develop imagination, be able to select tuning for cars, know their structure.

Be able to tell what the difference is between the Russian automobile industry and foreign car manufacturers.

Developmental objectives of the module:

To awaken curiosity and interest in creativity, the desire and ability to creatively use acquired knowledge and skills, to form a sustainable interest in cars as a means of transportation in general.

Educational objectives of the module: Foster a culture of work, communication, mutual assistance, accuracy

Module 2 “Tuning of modern cars”

Chapter

Lesson topic

Number of hours

THAT

BY

Total hours

“Tuning a modern car” 80

I

Basics of technological work 30

2 module

Rules for using tuning tools

Tuning Basics

Tuning Basics

Tuning modern cars

Tyunin which is not permitted by law

Tuning sequences

Tuning of cars and other equipment

Pros and cons of car tuning

Fantasy of children, whatever car they want, drawings.

II

Traffic rules, signs.

66

Studying the necessary road signs

Road signs.

Road and its elements

Road markings

Reflectors, what are they for?

What signs are there?

Draw on a piece of paper which signs students know and see more often.

What role do pedestrians play in modern world

Carrying out drawing work according to traffic rules

Taking a car brand knowledge test

What are the features of Mazda, Kiya, Mitsubishi cars?

What are the pros and cons between Toyota and Lada

Implementation of a project on automobile brands

Road signs and their important role in human life

Project implementation

Selection of materials for the project, selection of paint and tools

Excursion to a driving school

Excursion to a car wash

Carrying out practical work on disassembling a Gazelle car engine

Assembling and disassembling a car wheel in practice

Final lesson

Personal results:

By the end of the training, a growing interest in the profession of a car mechanic should be formed, as well as the creative individuality of the student should manifest itself.

Meta-subject results:

Developed motor skills, eye, imaginative thinking, artistic taste, precision of movements, as well as hard work, patience, and the desire for knowledge about cars.

Subject results:

Must have basic knowledge of working with cars and lengths, and be able to use tools to repair cars for their intended purpose.

Competency results:

The ability to maximize creativity, kindness, sociability, and good fine motor skills. Develop imaginative thinking, imagination, independence, creativity, distinguish between car brands and their structure.

Forms of assessment:

Analysis of practical activities. Conducting presentations and the ability to properly handle cars.

Conditions for the program:

Material and technical equipment

Equipment: PC-1 piece, monitor, printer, speakers, keyboard, board, desks, chairs, PC table, chalk board, bookcase, fire extinguisher, extension cord.

List of literature for teachers

Vlasov V.M., Zhankaziev S.V.

"Car maintenance and repair", 2013,

JIC "Academy".

Puzankov A.G.

“Cars: Construction of vehicles”, 2013, JRC “Academy”.

2013, JIC "Academy".

Svetlov A.S.

For a novice driver

Moscow 2006

Law Russian Federation"On road safety."

Dubrovina I.V.

Age-related characteristics of children's mental development

MOSCOW 1982

Klebelsberg D.

Transport psychology. M.:

Transport, 1989.

Forshtat M.L

About the methodology for teaching traffic rules at school

2003

List of literature for the student

A.L. Rybin

and Studying traffic rules

1999

Magazines

Cars and their brands

2000

Electronic textbook

Car tuning

Electronic textbook.

Automotive world

Moscow 1999

Municipal educational government institution Malinovskaya secondary school of the Bureysky district of the Amur region

Working programm

Training course "Avtodelo"

8-11 grade

for the academic year.

Compiled by:

car teacher

MOKU Malinovskaya Secondary School

Explanatory Note.

An approximate training program for drivers of category “B”, “C” vehicles was developed in accordance with the requirements of the federal laws “road safety” and “On education”.

An example program is

Requirements for the results of its development, the structure and approximate content of training, as well as the conditions for its implementation.

Goals:

Students acquire knowledge, develop skills and abilities, and master driving techniques. Development of hard work, responsibility, accuracy. Formation of a systematic approach, variability, and intuition in students.

Tasks:

Formation of theoretical and practical knowledge among students in the field of automobile design, the basics of operation and repair of rolling stock, traffic rules, safety and legal regulation of road traffic. Deepening general educational training in the field of technical disciplines, the formation of spiritual culture and comprehensive personal development.

Regulatory documents :

Approximate training programs for drivers of vehicles of various categories are approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation

The relevance of this manual lies in the fact that it is practical in nature, meets modern requirements for teaching children and shows the process of a teacher’s activity in the system.
In general, the program is focused on the “Concept of modernization of Russian education” adopted by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Determining the place and role of the training course, subject:
The knowledge and skills acquired by students as a result of studying auto mechanics help them navigate the road environment, safely drive a vehicle in various road situations, and take possible measures to provide pre-medical care.

^ Information on the number of training hours for which the work program is designed:
Calendar and thematic planning of autodelo lessons:

in grades 8-9 it is designed for 2 academic hours per week (taking into account the Federal component of the educational standard for automotive engineering).
Total number of hours –68
1 quarter –18 hours
2 quarter –14 hours
3 quarter –20 hours
4 quarter –18 hours

Laboratory classes-6

Test papers -4

in the 10th grade it is designed for 3 academic hours per week (taking into account the Federal component of the educational standard in automotive engineering).

Total number of hours –102

1st quarter –27 hours
2nd quarter –21 o’clock
3 quarter –30 hours
4th quarter –27 hours

Laboratory classes-53

50 astronomical hours are allocated for driving training for each student. When practicing driving exercises, it is necessary to perform a control inspection of the training vehicle.

Educational and thematic plan 8th grade (1 year of study)

9th grade (2nd year of study)

Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Tatarstan

Municipal educational institution of additional education "House of Schoolchildren" of the Alkeevsky municipal district of the Republic of Tatarstan

Approved:

At the teachers' meeting, protocol No.

From.

Director of the gymnasium________ F.G. Yarullina

Program

additional education association

"Avtodelo"

Head of the association:

v.Baz.Mataki.-2011

Explanatory note

Autodelo - subject special cycle for students. Relevanceof this subjectconditioned by the creation of securityon the road Accurateknowledge and compliance with rulestrafficdriver and pedestrian -a condition for the safety of people, and sometimes even the preservation of life

The program pays special attention to driving safety, driving ethics, mutual assistance on the roads, traffic rules,

The sample program was developed in accordance with the requirements of the Federal laws “On Road Safety” and “On Education”.

The sample program includes requirements for the results of its development, the structure and approximate content of training, as well as the conditions for its implementation.

Requirements for mastering resultsSample programformed on the basis of the qualification requirements for the driver of category “B” vehicles. The requirements for the results of mastering the exemplary program describe the requirements for the skills acquired during the development of the exemplary program, indicate the acquired knowledge, on the basis of which skills are formed and practical experience in driving a vehicle is acquired.

Structure and content of the Sample Programare presented with a sample curriculum, sample thematic plans for academic subjects, sample programs for academic subjects.

The sample curriculum contains a list of academic subjects indicating the amount of time allocated for mastering the subjects, including the amount of time allocated for theoretical and practical training.

An approximate thematic plan for an academic subject reveals the recommended sequence of studying sections and topics, and indicates the distribution of study hours by sections and topics.

The approximate curriculum of the subject provides the content of the subject, taking into account the requirements for the results of mastering the overall training program for drivers of category “B” vehicles.

Requirements for the conditions for the implementation of the Sample Programare presented by requirements for the organization of the educational process, educational, methodological and personnel support, as well as the rights and responsibilities of organizations providing driver training.

Requirements for organizing the educational process:

Driver training groups are created of up to 30 people.

Records of class attendance, academic performance and topics covered are kept by teachers and industrial training masters in the appropriate accounting documentation.

Duration of academic hour of theoretical and practical classes –1 academic hour(45 minutes) , and when learning to drive– 1 astronomical hour (60 minutes), including time for summing up and completing documentation.

Theoretical and practical training is carried out in equipped classrooms using educational, methodological and educational visual aids in accordance with the List of training materials for driver training (Appendix).

During practical training in the subject “Basics of medical care,” students must be able to perform techniques to provide first aid (self-help) to road victims.

Driving training is carried out outside the training time grid by the industrial training master individually with each student in accordance with the priority schedule for driving training (on a simulator and a training vehicle). In this case, the master can train up to four trainees simultaneously on the simulator (according to the number of training seats), and on a training vehicle – one. Driving education consists of initial driving training and practical driving training on training routes in real traffic conditions.

Initial training in driving vehicles should be carried out in closed areas or race tracks.

Persons who have initial driving skills, who have presented a medical certificate of the established form and who know the requirements of the Road Traffic Rules are allowed to take practical driving lessons on training routes.

During the driving lesson, the industrial training master must have with him: a certificate for the right to drive a vehicle of the corresponding category, a document for the right to learn to drive a vehicle of this category.

Practical driving training is carried out on a training vehicle equipped in in the prescribed manner and having identification marks “Training vehicle”, simulators (if any), a training track (site for training driving) and on training routes approved by the organization providing driver training and agreed with the traffic police.

50 astronomical hours are allocated for driving training for each student. When practicing driving exercises, it is necessary to perform a control inspection of the training vehicle.

Each task of the driving training program is divided into separate exercises, which are developed by the organization providing driver training and approved by its leader.

To test driving skills, a control lesson is provided.

The control lesson is held at the training riding area. During the lesson, the quality of the acquired driving skills is tested by performing appropriate exercises.

Persons who receive an unsatisfactory grade based on the results of the test lesson are not allowed to complete subsequent assignments.

In the subjects “Design and maintenance of vehicles" And “Providing medical care” is tested.

Upon completion of training, a final certification is carried out. The composition of the certification commission is determined and approved by the head of the organization providing training for vehicle drivers

The main types of certification tests are: a comprehensive exam and a practical driving test.

A comprehensive exam is conducted in the subjects “Fundamentals of traffic legislation” and “Fundamentals of safe driving.”

The examination and tests are carried out using examination cards developed in the organization that trains vehicle drivers on the basis of this Program, and approved by the head of this organization.

2 academic hours are allotted for taking the exam. When conducting exams using automated systems, the time allotted for the exam is reduced to the amount actually spent.

A practical driving test is conductedin two stages. The first stage is held in a closed area or race track, the second stage is held oncontrol route in real traffic conditions.

The results of the final certification are documented in a protocol.

Based on the results of the final certification, a valid training certificate is issued.

When learning to drive a vehicle equipped with an automatic gearbox, a corresponding entry is made in the training certificate.

The issuance of a driver's license for the right to drive a vehicle is carried out by the traffic police departments after passing qualifying exams.

Requirements to educational and methodological support of the educational process:

The list of training materials for training drivers of category “B” vehicles is contained in the appendix to the Sample Program.

Requirements to staffing of the educational process:

Teachers of the educational subject “Design and maintenance of vehicles” must have a higher or secondary vocational education in a technical profile.

Teachers of the educational subjects “Fundamentals of traffic legislation” and “Fundamentals of safe driving” must have a higher or secondary vocational education, as well as a driver’s license for the right to drive a vehicle of the appropriate category.

Classes on the subject “Providing medical care” are conducted by a medical worker with a higher or secondary vocational medical education.

Industrial training masters must have at least secondary (complete) general education, continuous experience driving a vehicle of the corresponding category for at least three years, and a document entitling them to learn to drive a vehicle of this category.

Teachers and industrial training specialists must undergo advanced training at least once every 5 years.

Rights and obligations of organizations providing training for vehicle drivers.

Organizations providing driver training are required to:

1. in work programs for driver training, provide for the implementation of the contents of the Approximate training program for drivers of category “B” vehicles.

Organizations providing driver training have the right to:

1. change the sequence of studying sections and topics of an academic subject, provided that the program of the academic subject is completed;
2. increase the number of hours allocated both to the study of academic subjects and to teaching initial and practical driving, introducing additional topics and exercises that take into account regional characteristics;
3. organize, on the basis of contractual relations, training in the subject “Providing medical care” in medical educational institutions that have a license for educational activities.

requirements for the results of mastering the sample program

should be able to:

1. safely drive a vehicle in various road and weather conditions, comply with traffic rules;
2. manage your emotional state, respect the rights of other road users, constructively resolve interpersonal conflicts that arise between road users;
3. carry out a control inspection of the vehicle before departure and during the trip;
4. refuel the vehicle with fuels, lubricants and special liquids in compliance with modern environmental requirements;
5. ensure the safe boarding and disembarkation of passengers, their transportation, or the reception, placement and transportation of goods;
6. act confidently in emergency situations;
7. take possible measures to provide pre-hospital medical care to victims of road traffic accidents, comply with the requirements for their transportation;
8. eliminate minor faults that arise during the operation of the vehicle that do not require disassembly of components and assemblies, in compliance with safety requirements;
9. promptly contact specialists to eliminate identified technical faults;
10. improve your driving skills.

Driver of a category B vehicle must know:

1. purpose, location, principle of operation of the main mechanisms and devices of the vehicle;
2. Traffic rules, basic legislation in the field of traffic;
3. types of liability for violation of traffic rules, rules of operation of vehicles and environmental protection standards in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation;
4. basics of safe driving;
5. about the influence of alcohol, medications and drugs, as well as health and fatigue on safe driving;
6. a list of faults and conditions under which the operation of vehicles or their further movement is prohibited;
7. techniques and sequence of actions when providing first-aid medical care in case of road traffic accidents;
8. the procedure for performing a control inspection of a vehicle before a trip and performing its maintenance;
9. safety rules when checking the technical condition of a vehicle, techniques for troubleshooting and performing maintenance work, rules for handling operating materials.

EDUCATIONAL AND THEMATIC PLAN FOR TRAINING DRIVERS OF VEHICLES OF CATEGORY “B”

THEMATIC PLAN “FUNDAMENTALS OF LEGISLATION IN THE FIELD OF ROAD TRAFFIC”

SAMPLE SUBJECT PROGRAM

“FUNDAMENTALS OF TRAFFIC LEGISLATION”

Introduction. Review of legislative acts

Law on Road Safety, Traffic Rules, Code of Administrative Offenses, Criminal Code, Civil Code, Law on Environmental Protection, Law on Compulsory Civil Liability Insurance (OSAGO).

SECTION 1. TRAFFIC RULES

Topic 1. General provisions. Basic concepts and terms. Responsibilities of drivers, pedestrians and passengers

The importance of the Rules in ensuring order and traffic safety. General structure of the Rules. Basic concepts and terms contained in the Rules.

Responsibilities of road users. The procedure for introducing traffic restrictions.

Documents that the driver of a motor vehicle must have with him and hand over to the police for verification.

The procedure for providing vehicles to officials.

Rights and responsibilities of drivers of vehicles moving with a blue flashing light and a special sound signal on. Responsibilities of other drivers to ensure the safety of special vehicles.

Responsibilities of drivers involved in a traffic accident. Responsibilities of pedestrians and passengers to ensure road safety.

Topic 2. Road signs

The meaning of road signs in common system traffic organization. Classification of road signs. Requirements for placing signs. Duplicate, repeated and temporary signs.

Warning signs. Purpose. General warning sign. Rules for installing warning signs. The name and purpose of each sign. The driver's actions when approaching a dangerous section of the road, indicated by a corresponding warning sign.

Priority signs. Purpose. The name and location of each sign. Actions of drivers in accordance with the requirements of priority signs.

Prohibition signs. Purpose. A general sign of prohibition. Name, purpose and installation location of each sign. Actions of drivers in accordance with the requirements of prohibition signs. Exceptions. Rights of drivers with disabilities and drivers transporting such persons. Area of ​​operation of prohibition signs.

Mandatory signs. Purpose. A general sign of a prescription. Name, purpose and installation location of each sign. Actions of drivers in accordance with the requirements of mandatory signs. Exceptions.

Signs of special regulations. Purpose, general features. Name, purpose and installation location of each sign.

Information signs. Purpose. General characteristics of signs. Name, purpose and installation location of each sign. Actions of drivers in accordance with the requirements of signs that introduce certain driving modes.

Service signs. Purpose. Name and installation location.

Signs additional information(placards). Purpose. The name and placement of each sign.

Topic 3. Road markings and their characteristics

The importance of markings in the general organization of traffic, classification of markings.

Horizontal marking. Purpose. Color and conditions of use of each type of horizontal marking. Actions of drivers in accordance with the requirements of horizontal markings.

Vertical markings. Purpose. Color and conditions of use of each type of vertical marking.

Practical lesson on topics 1-3

Solving complex problems. Analysis of typical traffic situations using technical means training, layouts, stands, etc. Developing the ability to follow road signs and markings.

Topic 4. Traffic order, stopping and parking of vehicles

Warning signals. Types and purpose of signals. Rules for signaling with direction indicators and hand signals. Use of warning signals when overtaking. Dangerous consequences of non-compliance with warning signals.

Start of movement, maneuvering. Responsibilities of drivers before driving, changing lanes and maneuvering. The procedure for making a turn at an intersection. Turn left and turn around outside the intersection. Actions of the driver in the presence of an acceleration (braking) lane. Places where U-turns are prohibited.

Reverse driving procedure. Places where reversing is prohibited.

Dangerous consequences of non-compliance with maneuvering rules.

Location of vehicles on the roadway. Requirements for the location of vehicles on the roadway depending on the number of lanes, types of vehicles, and speed.

Cases when traffic on tram tracks is permitted. Turns onto roads with reverse traffic.

Dangerous consequences of non-compliance with the rules for the location of vehicles on the roadway.

Movement speed. Factors influencing the choice of driving speed. Speed ​​limits in populated areas. Speed ​​limits outside populated areas and on highways for various categories of vehicles. Prohibitions when choosing a speed mode. Selecting distance and intervals. Special requirements for drivers of low-speed and heavy-duty vehicles.

Dangerous consequences of failure to maintain safe speed and distance.

Overtaking and oncoming traffic. Driver's responsibilities before overtaking. Actions of drivers when overtaking. Places where overtaking is prohibited.

Oncoming traffic on narrow sections of roads. Oncoming traffic on ascents and descents. Dangerous consequences of failure to comply with the rules of overtaking and oncoming traffic.

Stopping and parking. Stopping and parking procedures. Methods for parking vehicles. Long-term parking outside populated areas. Precautions when parking a vehicle. Places where stopping and parking are prohibited.

Dangerous consequences of failure to comply with stopping and parking rules.

Topic 5. Traffic regulation

Traffic control devices. The meanings of traffic lights and the actions of drivers in accordance with these signals. Reversible traffic lights. Traffic lights for regulating the movement of trams, as well as other route vehicles moving along the lane allocated for them.

The meaning of traffic controller signals for trams, pedestrians and trackless vehicles. The procedure for stopping when traffic lights or traffic controller signals prohibit movement.

Actions of drivers and pedestrians in cases where the traffic controller’s instructions contradict traffic light signals, road signs and markings.

Practical lesson on topics 4-5

Solving complex problems, analyzing typical traffic situations using technical training tools, mock-ups, stands, etc.

Developing skills in giving warning signals with your hand. Formation of skills to correctly follow regulation signals, navigate, assess the situation and predict its development.

Topic 6. Navigating intersections

General rules for driving through intersections. Cases when tram drivers have advantages.

Controlled intersections. Interaction of traffic lights and priority signs. The order and sequence of traffic at a controlled intersection.

Unregulated intersections. The order of movement at intersections of equivalent roads. Traffic order at intersections of unequal roads.

The order of passage through an intersection when the main road changes direction.

Actions of the driver if he cannot determine the presence of surface on the road (darkness, dirt, snow, etc.) and in the absence of priority signs.

Topic 7. Passage of pedestrian crossings, bus stops and railway crossings

Pedestrian crossings and bus stops. Responsibilities of a driver approaching an unregulated pedestrian crossing, a stop for route vehicles, or a vehicle bearing the identification sign “Transportation of Children.”

Railroad crossings. Types of railway crossings. Design and operating features of modern railway signaling at crossings. The order of movement of vehicles.

Rules for stopping vehicles before moving. Responsibilities of the driver during a forced stop at a crossing.

Prohibitions in force at railway crossings.

Cases requiring coordination of traffic conditions through a crossing with the head of the railway track.

Dangerous consequences of violating the rules for passing pedestrian crossings, stopping route vehicles and railway crossings.

Practical lesson on topics 6-7

Solving complex problems. Analysis of typical road transport situations using technical training aids, mock-ups, stands, etc.

Topic 8. Special traffic conditions

Traffic on highways. Prohibitions imposed on highways. Responsibilities of drivers when forced to stop on the roadway and on the side of the highway.

Traffic in residential areas.

Priority of route vehicles. Crossing tram tracks outside the intersection.

Driving order on a road with a dedicated lane for route vehicles. Rules of conduct for drivers in cases where a trolleybus or bus starts moving from a designated stopping place.

Rules for using external lighting devices and sound signals.

Turning on low beam headlights during daylight hours. Driver actions when blinded. The procedure for using fog lights, spotlights, searchlights and rear fog lights, and a road train sign.

Cases allowing use sound signals.

Towing of motor vehicles. Conditions and procedure for towing motor vehicles using a flexible hitch, rigid hitch and partial loading method.

Cases when towing is prohibited.

Transporting people in towed and towing vehicles. Dangerous consequences of non-compliance with the rules for towing motor vehicles.

Training ride. Conditions under which training driving is permitted. Requirements for teaching, training and educational motor vehicles.

Requirements for the movement of cyclists, mopeds, horse-drawn carts, as well as the passage of animals (prohibitions and age limit for driving).

Topic 9. Transportation of people and goods

Requirements for transporting people in truck. Driver's responsibilities before driving. Speed ​​of movement when transporting people. Additional requirements when transporting children. Cases when the transportation of people is prohibited.

Rules for placing and securing cargo on a vehicle. Transportation of goods that extend beyond the dimensions of the vehicle.

Designation of the transported cargo. Cases requiring coordination of vehicle traffic conditions with the traffic police.

Dangerous consequences of non-compliance with the rules for transporting people and goods.

Topic 10. Technical condition and equipment of vehicles

General requirements. Conditions under which the operation of vehicles is prohibited.

Malfunctions in the event of which the driver must take measures to eliminate them, and if this is not possible, proceed to the parking or repair site in compliance with the necessary precautions.

Malfunctions in which further movement is prohibited.

Dangerous consequences of operating a vehicle with defects that threaten road safety.

Topic 11. State registration marks, identification marks, warning notices and designations

Requirements for equipping vehicles with state registration plates and designations.

SECTION 2. REGULATIONS AND LEGAL DOCUMENTS GOVERNING RELATIONS IN THE FIELD OF ROAD TRAFFIC

Topic 12. Administrative law

Administrative offense (APN) and administrative liability.

Administrative penalties: warning, administrative fine, deprivation of special rights, administrative arrest and confiscation of the instrument or subject of the APN. Bodies imposing administrative penalties, the procedure for their execution. Measures taken by authorized persons in order to ensure proceedings in the case of APN (confiscation of a driver’s license, detention of a vehicle, etc.).

Topic 13. Criminal law

The concept of criminal liability.

Corpus delicti. Types of punishments.

Crimes against traffic safety and transport operation. Crimes against life and health (leaving in danger)

Conditions for criminal liability.

Topic 14. Civil law

The concept of civil liability. Grounds for civil liability. Concepts: harm, guilt, illegal action. Liability for damage caused in an accident. Compensation for material damage.

The concept of financial liability for damage caused. Conditions and types of liability, limited and full liability.

Property rights, subjects of property rights. Ownership and possession of a vehicle.

Vehicle owner tax.

Topic 15. Legal basis for environmental protection

The concept and meaning of nature conservation. Legislation on environmental protection. Goals, forms and methods of nature conservation.

Natural objects subject to legal protection: land, subsoil, water, flora, atmospheric air, protected natural sites.

The system of bodies regulating relations for the legal protection of nature, their competencies, rights and responsibilities.

Responsibility for violation of legislation on environmental protection.

Topic 16. Law on compulsory motor liability insurance

Federal Law “On Compulsory Civil Liability Insurance”. Insurance procedure. The procedure for concluding an insurance contract. Insurance case. Basis and procedure for payment of the insurance amount.

Practical lesson on topic 16

Filling out the accident notification form.

THEMATIC PLAN “DEVICE AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES”

SAMPLE SUBJECT PROGRAM

"DEVICE AND MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES"

SECTION 1. CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES

Topic 1. General structure of the vehicle

Purpose and classification. General device. Purpose, location and interaction of main units, components, mechanisms and systems. Brief specifications Vehicle. Controls. Facilities information support driver. Control automation systems. Systems for ensuring comfortable conditions in the cabin.

Topic 2. General structure and operation of engines

Types, purpose and principle of operation of engines and their mechanisms.

Purpose and types of cooling systems. Schematic diagram operation of cooling systems. Coolants and requirements for them. Thermal operating conditions of the engine. Purpose and location of cooling system devices.

Purpose of the lubrication system. Schematic diagram of the system operation. Methods of supplying oil to the rubbing surfaces of parts. Oils used, their main properties and labeling. Oil pressure control. Oil cleaning and cooling.

Power system diagrams. Purpose, general device, operation of fuel and air supply and purification devices and their location on the vehicle.

Topic 3. Sources and consumers of electricityTypes batteries, their purpose. Main characteristics, properties and markings. Electrolyte and precautions when handling it.

Battery maintenance.

Purpose, design and operation of the generator.

Purpose, design and operation of the starter.

Ignition systems.

Purpose and operation of external lighting devices and sound signals, instrumentation, windshield wipers, windshield washers, heating and air conditioning systems.

Topic 4. General structure and purpose of the transmission

Transmission diagrams with various drives. Lubrication of units, components and transmission parts. Transmission oils and greases, their application, basic properties and markings.

Clutch, its types, purpose, general structure. Adjusting the clutch drive.

Purpose and general structure of the gearbox. Types of gearboxes.

Features of operation various types gearboxes (manual, automatic transmission, variator and robotic).

Purpose, design and operation of cardan and main gears, differentials, axle axles and drive wheels.

Topic 5. Body and chassis.

Body types. Body structure. Passive safety systems.

Types of pendants. Purpose, design and operation of front and rear suspensions.

Construction of automobile wheels and tires. Wheel fastening. Marking of tires and wheels.

Topic 6. Brake system

Purpose and types of brake systems.

Scheme and principles of operation of brake systems. Anti-lock braking system.

Brake fluids, their properties, markings. Signs of brake system malfunctions.

Topic 7. Steering.

Purpose, location, general structure and operation of the steering: steering gear drive, power steering, steering wheel drive.

Basic requirements for steering.

Steering malfunctions, their symptoms and causes.

Topic 8. Active and passive safety systems

Types of active safety systems: anti-lock braking system (ABS), traction control (ASC), system voice control functions (IAF), brake assist system (BAS, BA), hill descent assist system, brake force distribution system (EBD), self-leveling suspension system (SLC), parking sensors (PDS), electronic program dynamic stabilization (or exchange rate stability system) (ESP). Their purpose and use in motion.

Types of passive safety systems: seat belts, passive restraint system (or airbags) (SRS), seat belt pretensioners, child seats. Their purpose, functions performed when the vehicle is involved in an accident.

SECTION 2. MAINTENANCE

Topic 9. Types and frequency of vehicle maintenance

Types, frequency and order of basic maintenance work in accordance with the service book and operating instructions.

Checking the technical condition before departure.

Topic 10. Safety and environmental protection

General safety requirements for the operation of vehicles. Danger of poisoning from exhaust gases and operating fluids.

Safety rules when using electrical appliances. Occupational safety during minor repairs and maintenance.

Measures fire safety, fire extinguishing rules.

Basic measures to reduce harmful effects on the environment during operation and repair.

Topic 11. Typical faults and ways to eliminate them

Checking and adjusting tire pressure to normal levels.

Wheel replacement.

Replacing the fuse.

Checking the condition of the battery.

Replacement of faulty light bulbs.

Checking the condition of the parking brake drive.

Replacing windshield wiper blades.

Monitoring the level of operating fluids.

THEMATIC PLAN “BASICS OF SAFE VEHICLE DRIVING”

SAMPLE SUBJECT PROGRAM

“FUNDAMENTALS OF SAFE VEHICLE DRIVING”

SECTION 1. PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SAFE MANAGEMENT

BY VEHICLE

Topic 1. Psychological foundations of driver activity

Vision, hearing and touch are the most important channels for perceiving information. The concept of mental processes (attention, memory, thinking, psychomotor, sensation and perception) and their role in driving a vehicle. Attention, its properties (stability (concentration), switching, volume, etc.). The main signs of loss of attention.

Causes of distraction (fastening a seat belt or adjusting a mirror after driving; adjusting the radio or navigation system while driving; lighting a cigarette or eating; reading a road map or directions while driving; telephone conversations or discussion in a vehicle, etc.).

Properties of the nervous system and temperament. The influence of emotions and will on driving.

Psychological qualities of a person (impulsivity, risk-taking, aggressiveness, etc.) and their role in the occurrence of dangerous situations while driving.

Processing information perceived by the driver. Forecasting the development of the situation as a necessary factor in ensuring traffic safety. A sense of danger and speed. Risk and decision making in the process of driving a vehicle.

Qualities that an ideal driver should have. Driver values ​​and goals that ensure safe driving. Motivation for safe driving. Motivation of power and its role in accidents.

Topic 2. Basics of self-regulation of mental states in the process of driving a vehicle

Mental states affecting driving: fatigue, monotony, emotional stress. Performance. Stress in driver activity. Emergency situations as a stress factor. Techniques and ways to manage emotions. Controlling emotions through self-knowledge.

Prevention of fatigue. Ways to maintain a stable physical condition when driving a vehicle. The impact of illness and disability, alcohol, drugs and medications on road safety. Techniques and ways to improve performance. Normalization of mental states during stress.

Topic 3. Fundamentals of conflict-free interaction between road users

General human culture as the basis for safe behavior on the roads. Ethical qualities of the individual. Driver ethics as the most important element of his active safety.

The concept of conflict. Sources and causes of conflicts.Dynamics of development of a conflict situation. Prevention of conflicts. Ways to regulate and constructively resolve conflicts. Possibilities for reducing aggression in conflict.

SECTION 2. VEHICLE DRIVING BASICS

AND TRAFFIC SAFETY

Topic 4. Trip planning depending on goals and road conditions

The influence of travel purposes on driving safety. Assessing the need for a trip under current road conditions: during daylight or dark, in conditions of poor visibility, varying traffic intensity, different road surface conditions, etc. Choosing a route and estimating travel time. Examples of typical motives for risky behavior when planning trips. The case for risk management.

The influence of road conditions on traffic safety. Types and classification of highways. Road construction. Basic road safety elements. The concept of tire adhesion coefficient with the road. Changes in the coefficient of adhesion depending on the condition of the road, weather and meteorological conditions.

The concept of a traffic accident. Types of road traffic accidents. Causes and conditions of road accidents. Distribution of accident rates by seasons, days of the week, time of day, categories of roads, types of vehicles and other factors.

Topic 5. Assessing the level of danger of perceived information, organizing observation while driving a vehicle

The three main inspection zones of the road ahead are: long (30–120 seconds), medium (12–15 seconds) and near (4–6 seconds). Using the far inspection zone to obtain preliminary information about the characteristics of the situation on the road, the middle one to determine the degree of danger of the object, and the near one to proceed to protective actions. Features of monitoring the situation in populated areas and when driving on country roads. Skills in inspecting the road from behind when driving forward and in reverse, when braking, before turning, changing lanes and overtaking. Control the situation from the side through the side rear view mirrors and by turning your head. Advantages of panoramic type side rear view mirrors. A method for practicing the skill of inspecting instrumentation. Algorithm for inspecting adjacent roads when passing intersections.

Examples of making a forecast (forecasting) of the development of a normal and emergency situation. Situational analysis of the road situation.

Topic 6. Assessment of braking and stopping distances. Formation of a safe

The spaces around the vehicle when different speeds movement

Driver reaction time. Brake response time. Safe distance in seconds and meters. Ways to control a safe distance. Levels of acceptable risk when choosing a distance. The time and space required to brake and stop under various speeds and driving conditions. Safe side spacing. Formation of a safe space around the vehicle in various traffic conditions (intensity, flow speed, road conditions and meteorological conditions) and when stopping. Methods for minimizing and separating danger. Making compromise decisions in difficult driving situations.

Topic 7. Vehicle control techniques

The driver's position behind the wheel. Uses seat position adjustments and controls to achieve optimal working posture.

Monitoring compliance with safety during the transportation of passengers, including children and animals.

Purpose of controls, instruments and indicators. Driver actions for using: light and sound signals; turning on glass cleaning, blowing and heating systems; cleaning headlights; turning on the alarm system, regulating comfort systems. Actions in case of emergency instrument readings.

Methods of action by control bodies. Taxiing technique.

Start the engine. Warming up the engine.

Getting started and accelerating with sequential gear shifting. Selecting the optimal gear at different speeds. Engine braking.

Actions with the brake pedal that provide smooth deceleration in normal situations and the implementation of maximum braking force in abnormal braking modes, including on roads with slippery surfaces.

Starting to move on steep descents and ascents, on difficult and slippery sections of roads. Starting to move on a slippery road without wheel slipping.

Features of driving a vehicle with ABS.

Specifics of driving a vehicle with automatic transmission. Methods of operation of automatic transmission controls. Selecting the automatic transmission operating mode when driving on steep descents and ascents, on difficult and slippery sections of roads.

Topic 8. Driver actions when driving a vehicle

Forces acting on a vehicle. Wheel grip on the road. The reserve of traction force is a condition for traffic safety.

Driving a vehicle in a confined space, at intersections and pedestrian crossings, in traffic flow and in conditions of limited visibility, on sharp turns, ascents and descents, and when towing. Driving a vehicle in difficult road conditions and in poor visibility.

Methods of parking and parking a vehicle.

Selecting the speed and trajectory of movement in turns, during U-turns and in limited passages, depending on the design features of the vehicle. Selecting speed in city traffic, outside the populated area and on highways.

Overtaking and oncoming traffic.

Passage of railway crossings.

Overcoming dangerous sections of highways: narrowing of the roadway, freshly laid road surfaces, bitumen and gravel surfaces, long descents and ascents, approaches to bridges, railway crossings and other dangerous areas. Precautionary measures when driving along sections of roads under repair, barriers, warning and light signals used.

Features of driving at night, in fog and on mountain roads.

Topic 9. Driver actions in emergency situations

Conditions for loss of vehicle stability during acceleration, braking and turning. Stability against capsizing. Vehicle stability reserves.

Use of roads in autumn and spring. Use of winter roads (winter roads). Movement on ice crossings. Actions of the driver in case of skidding, skidding and drift. Driver actions in the event of a threat of collision from front and rear.

Actions of the driver in the event of a failure of the service brake, a tire rupture in motion, a failure of the power steering, or separation of the longitudinal or transverse steering rods of the steering drive.

Actions of the driver if the vehicle catches fire and falls into water.

THEMATIC PLAN “PRODUCING MEDICAL CARE”

SAMPLE PROGRAM FOR THE SUBJECT “MEDICAL CARE”

Topic 1. Road traffic injuries ( general characteristics). Legal aspects of providing medical assistance to victims of road accidents

Characteristics of injuries depending on the type of incident. Equipment of vehicle safety equipment. Responsibilities of the driver, medical worker, administrative services in case of accidents with human casualties.

Topic 2. Basics of human anatomy and physiology

Basic ideas about the structure and functions of the human body. Cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

Topic 3. Terminal states. Shock, acute respiratory failure, asphyxia, loss of consciousness syndrome

Definition and characteristics of terminal states. Signs of life and death, resuscitation measures in the presence of signs of life. Signs and symptoms of shock. A set of anti-shock measures. Causes of acute respiratory failure and asphyxia, a set of first aid measures and criteria for its effectiveness. Characteristics of the syndrome of loss of consciousness, coma, fainting, causes and first aid.

Topic 4. Carrying out cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Indications for cardiopulmonary resuscitation measures. Restoration of external respiration function. Carrying out artificial respiration using the “mouth to mouth”, “mouth to nose” method. Method of using the air duct. Technique for performing closed cardiac massage by one or two rescuers. Monitoring the effectiveness of resuscitation measures. Errors during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Features of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in children and the elderly.

Topic 5. Bleeding and methods to stop it

Types of bleeding. Methods to stop bleeding (finger pressure, applying a pressure bandage, applying a tourniquet or twist tourniquet). Method of applying a tourniquet. Features of stopping bleeding from the nose, ears and mouth. First aid for pulmonary hemorrhage and suspected intra-abdominal bleeding.

Topic 6. First aid for injuries. Wounds and their primary treatment

General characteristics of injuries, features of injuries in road accidents. Classification of wounds and their primary treatment. Traumatic brain injuries. Closed soft tissue injuries. Long-term compression syndrome, features of medical care. Fractures of skeletal bones, characteristic signs of a bone fracture. Burns. Cold injury.

Topic 7. Rules for imposing transport immobilization

Indications for transport immobilization and means used. Features of transport immobilization for various injuries and typical mistakes when applying it.

Topic 8. Types of bandages and rules for their application

Rules for applying bandages to various parts of the body. Application of an individual dressing package

Topic 9. First aid to a victim with an acute illness and in a state of inadequacy

Features of first aid for acute cardiovascular failure, hypertensive crisis, diabetic coma, bronchial asthma. Signs and symptoms of poisoning, first aid. Symptoms of acute diseases of the abdominal organs. Mental reactions and states of inadequacy. Epileptic seizure.

Topic 10. Features of transporting a victim to a medical facility

Rules for carrying a victim on a stretcher. Methods of carrying the victim in your arms. Features of transportation in case of various damages. Preventing injuries during transportation.

Topic 11. Rules for using a medical kit

Complete set of medical first aid kit. Using the contents of a first aid kit.

Application to the sample program

Subject "Basics of medical care"

LIST OF MANDATORY PRACTICAL SKILLS

AND MANIPULATION.

1. Technique for cleansing the oral cavity and restoring the patency of the upper respiratory tract.

2. Artificial ventilation: “mouth to mouth”, “mouth to nose”, method of using an air duct.

3. Technique for performing closed cardiac massage by one or two rescuers.

4. Method for determining pulse rate in: radial artery, femoral artery, carotid artery.

5. Determination of the state of the pupils and their reaction to light.

6. Methods to stop bleeding: finger pressure, application of a pressure bandage, maximum flexion of the limb.

7. Method of applying a tourniquet or tourniquet-twist. Most right places their overlay.

8. Temporary stop of bleeding by digital pressure of the arteries (brachial, carotid, subclavian, axillary, femoral) in typical places.

9. Method of performing anterior nasal tamponade.

10. Use of Coletex GEM wipes and Statin powder to stop capillary or venous bleeding.

11. Stages and methods of primary wound treatment.

12. Method of applying a bandage.

13. Rules for applying typical bandages to various parts of the body: circular, spiral, cruciform, spica, returning.

14. Method of applying the Deso bandage.

15. Method of applying scarves to various parts of the body.

16. Application of a sealing bandage for pneumothorax.

17. Technique for applying an individual dressing package.

18. Technique for applying transport immobilization using improvised means and standard splints for injuries to: collarbone, shoulder, forearm, hand, thigh, lower leg, foot.

19. Technique for applying transport immobilization for injuries to: the spine and pelvic bones, abdominal organs, multiple rib fractures, traumatic brain injury.

20. Technique for placing victims on stretchers and rules for carrying various injuries.

21. Technique for carrying victims using straps.

22. Technique for carrying victims in arms by one or two people.

23. Technique for carrying victims using improvised means.

24. The procedure for removing clothes from a victim in an accident.

25. Technique for using a hypothermic container bag.

APPLICATION

TRANSPARENCY

educational materials for driver training

vehicle category "B"

The training vehicle must be equipped with:

1. Additional clutch (except for vehicles with automatic transmission) and brake pedals;

2. Rear view mirror for training;

3. Identification sign “Training vehicle”.

Note:* An educational visual aid can be presented in the form of a poster, stand, layout, tablet, model, diagram, electronic educational publication, film, video film, filmstrip, etc.

** The set of tools is determined by the teacher in the subject.