Inverting the colors of an html page using a button. CSS: How to add a contrasting color to text that lies on a multi-colored background. Examples of CSS filters

The invert() function inverts the colors in an image. Its effect is similar to turning a photograph into a negative.

Syntax

filter: invert(<значение>);

CSS3 filters are a very interesting offshoot of SVG, allowing you to modify HTML elements and images by applying blur, brightness, and many other filters. In this tutorial we'll take a quick look at exactly how they work.

How it works?

Using just CSS we can create some pretty complex effects. They can be applied to both images and HTML elements. The property that is used to control all these effects is filter.

filter: filter(value) ;

As you might expect, this property requires the use of a browser prefix. But on this moment, only -webkit-(Chrome and Safari) are the only browser engines that support this property.

Webkit-filter: filter(value) ;
-moz-filter: filter(value) ;
-o-filter: filter(value) ;
-ms-filter: filter(value) ;

Filtration

There are a number of filters, so to get a better understanding of each one, let's look at them individually. Multiple filters can be applied to one element (separated by a space), for example, brightness And blur:

filter: blur(5px ) brightness(0.5 ) ;

There are a few filters that won't be covered below, but they can be easily implemented with existing CSS (transparency and shadows). Here's the original image we'll use to demonstrate how the filters work:

I will show a photo with the filter applied (first photo) and the result of the filter in the form of a static image (second photo), if you are using a browser that does not support filters and cannot see the result.

Blur

Ever wanted to do a Gaussian blur on an image or text using just CSS? With filters you can do it! Blur is measured in pixels, so you could do something like this:

filter: blur(5px ) ;
// Browser Specific
-webkit-filter: blur(5px) ;
-moz-filter: blur(5px ) ;
-o-filter: blur(5px ) ;
-ms-filter: blur(5px ) ;

Brightness

Brightness is measured from zero to one, 1 being full brightness (white) and 0 being original brightness.

filter: brightness(0.2 ) ;
// Browser Specific
-webkit-filter: brightness(0.2 ) ;
-moz-filter: brightness(0.2 ) ;
-o-filter: brightness(0.2 ) ;
-ms-filter: brightness(0.2 ) ;

Saturation

Saturation is measured as a percentage.

filter: saturate(50% ) ;
// Browser Specific
-webkit-filter: saturate(50% ) ;
-moz-filter: saturate(50% ) ;
-o-filter: saturate(50% ) ;
-ms-filter: saturate(50% ) ;

Tone rotation

This filter allows you to change the tone by rotating it (think of a wheel of colors that you then rotate). It is measured in degrees.

filter: hue-rotate(20deg) ;
// Browser Specific
-webkit-filter: hue-rotate(20deg) ;
-moz-filter: hue-rotate(20deg) ;
-o-filter: hue-rotate(20deg) ;
-ms-filter: hue-rotate(20deg) ;

Contrast

Contrast, again, is measured as a percentage. 100% is the default, 0% will create a completely black image. Anything more than 100% adds contrast!

filter: contrast(150% ) ;
// Browser Specific
-webkit-filter: contrast(150% ) ;
-moz-filter: contrast(150% ) ;
-o-filter: contrast(150% ) ;
-ms-filter: contrast(150% ) ;

Inversion

Also measured as a percentage. Available values ​​range from 0% to 100%. Oddly enough, at the moment, webkit does not support inversions if they are less than 100%.

filter: invert (100%) ;
// Browser Specific
-webkit-filter: invert (100%) ;
-moz-filter: invert (100% ) ;
-o-filter: invert (100% ) ;
-ms-filter: invert (100% ) ;

Bleaching

Again, enter the percentage you want to desaturate the image by. Available values ​​range from 0% to 100%.

filter: grayscale(100% ) ;
// Browser Specific
-webkit-filter: grayscale(100% ) ;
-moz-filter: grayscale(100% ) ;
-o-filter: grayscale(100% ) ;
-ms-filter: grayscale(100% ) ;

Sepia

I suppose this is very useful if you want to post something on Instagram. Although I also assume you won't be using CSS for this. In any case, these shades of gray and negative, in total, will allow you to add sepia to the image. 100% will be a complete sepia, 0% will be the original image.

filter: sepia(100% ) ;
// Browser Specific
-webkit-filter: sepia(100% ) ;
-moz-filter: sepia(100% ) ;
-o-filter: sepia(100% ) ;
-ms-filter: sepia(100% ) ;

Browser support

If you have any questions, we recommend using our

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CSS properties and have reached such a level of development that they are able to cope with some important functions of graphic editors. An example of this is CSS filters, with which you can create beautiful effects for images.

If earlier it was difficult to even imagine, now almost all software filters are implemented in the cascade table, from blur to artistic color models.

But still, CSS filters have one small drawback - not all web browsers support visual effects. Of course, it's only a matter of time. And when the hour “x” arrives, developers need to be prepared. For now, let’s look at what has already been implemented so far.

Browser support for CSS filters

Basically, all popular browsers, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, have a “friendly” relationship with filter effects. The same cannot be said about IE, which completely refuses to support effects, even in the latest versions.

Functions and syntax of CSS filters

All CSS properties have certain parameters that combine the order in which values ​​are written. The filter property is no exception, like others, it can use a combination of several rules in one application. For example, add a brightness filter for an image, and after a space specify another one - contrast. We will cover everything in this article with a few examples for better understanding.

Syntax

Filter: filter name (percentage of value); filter: url(img.svg); filter: blur(10px); filter: brightness(0.9); filter: contrast(150%); filter: drop-shadow(5px 5px 10px black); filter: grayscale(80%); filter: hue-rotate(60deg); filter: invert(80%); filter: opacity(50%); filter: saturate(50%); filter: sepia(40%); /* Apply multiple filters */ filter: contrast(150%) grayscale (80%);

List of filters

Examples of CSS filters

We have come to an interesting part of the article, in which we will consider each filter separately with examples of its application. For clarity, three pictures will be used. The first will show the starting point, the appearance of originality. The second will serve as a static example of applying a filter, and the third will show the hover effect, hovering the mouse cursor over the image.

Blur filter

IN graphic editors The blur filter is an indispensable tool and is often used in work. It is capable of not only creating a blurry image, but also creating a focusing effect on certain element the rest of the image is blurred. And much more.

In website design (for example, blur) can be used as a lining for better readability of the text located in the picture. Actually, the blur is Gaussian from a value of 0 px until it completely disappears.

Original

Filter

Hover effect

/*static rule*/ .efbl1 img( filter: blur(2px); -webkit-filter: blur(2px); ) /*for hover effect*/ .efbl2 img( transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; ) . efbl2:hover img( filter: blur(4px); -webkit-filter: blur(4px); transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; )

Filter shadow

The shadow property came to us with the third version of the cascading table. Of course, it is familiar to everyone involved in website development, since box-shadow plays an important role in design. The drop-shadow filter can be called an inferior alternative with similar parameters, and there are only 5 of them, not counting the inner shadow.

The order of writing is as follows: 5px/-5px (horizontal offset), 5px/-5px (vertical offset), 15px (shadow blur radius), 5px/-5px (shadow stretch), black (color). The filter supports all syntax except stretching and inset value ( inner shadow), as well as adding multiple shadows separated by commas. But despite all this, there are some advantages, for example, the filter takes pseudo-elements into account, which allows you to display the exact shape of the element’s shadow.

Also interesting is that when the block does not have a background, but only a border stroke is specified, then when using box-shadow a shadow will be displayed, supposedly taking into account the background, that is, a solid one. And in the case of using drop-shadow, the shadow takes the form of a stroke without taking into account the background.

Original

Filter

Hover effect

/*static rule*/ .efdrswd1 img( filter: drop-shadow(6px 7px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4)); -webkit-filter: drop-shadow(6px 7px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0 , 0.4)); ) /*for the hover effect*/ .efdrswd2 img( transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; ) .efdrswd2:hover img( filter: drop-shadow(6px 7px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4)); -webkit-filter: drop-shadow(6px 7px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4)); transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; )

Decolorization filter

Classic photography style for all times in the right direction. The filter allows only one value - positive. Depending on the specified percentage, shades of gray will smoothly replace the color of the image. Also, instead of percentages, you can use fractions up to a whole number (0.01/1).

Original

Filter

Hover effect

/*static rule*/ .efgrays1 img( filter: grayscale(90%); -webkit-filter: grayscale(90%); ) /*for hover effect*/ .efgrays2 img( transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; ) .efgrays2:hover img( filter: grayscale(90%); -webkit-filter: grayscale(90%); transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; )

Brightness filter

Adding light to the "unexplored" black corners of the image. It is often used in photo processing, since amateur photographs are usually taken in poorly lit places. The brightness of the filter is adjustable from 0% (a completely black picture) to almost completely disappearing the image. The original point is defined as 100%, and the value can also be specified as a fraction.

Original

Filter

Hover effect

/*static rule*/ .efbrig1 img( filter: brightness(150%); -webkit-filter: brightness(150%); ) /*for hover effect*/ .efbrig2 img( transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; ) .efbrig2:hover img( filter: brightness(150%); -webkit-filter: brightness(150%); transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; )

Contrast filter

A simple way to make an image more expressive is by experimenting with the brightness settings of the lightest and darkest parts of the picture. The contrast filter is ready to help with this. Its parameters, like many others, exclude a negative value (-150%), and the initial position is indicated at 100%. In addition to percentages, fractions (1.5) are also allowed.

Original

Filter

Hover effect

/*static rule*/ .efcontr1 img( filter: contrast(150%); -webkit-filter: contrast(150%); ) /*for hover effect*/ .efcontr2 img( transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; ) .efcontr2:hover img( filter: contrast(150%); -webkit-filter: contrast(150%); transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; )

Color tone filter

An excellent design technique in image design that matches the style of the main resource design. The idea is to overlay a shade of the selected color onto the original image. The ratios come out depending on the given degree, which indicates the color point on the color wheel.

If the value is positive (150deg), then the rotation occurs clockwise. Accordingly, if negative, then counterclockwise. In two positions it starts from 0deg to 360deg.

Original

Filter

Hover effect

/*static rule*/ .efhrotai1 img( filter: hue-rotate(180deg); -webkit-filter: hue-rotate(180deg); ) /*for hover effect*/ .efhrotai2 img( transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; ) .efhrotai2:hover img( filter: hue-rotate(180deg); -webkit-filter: hue-rotate(180deg); transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; )

Inversion filter

A specific effect that allows you to turn the color of an image upside down. In graphic editors it has a certain role and it happens that without its participation the desired result cannot be achieved. The invert filter parameter is specified only in the positive direction from a value of 0% to 100%.

Original

Filter

Hover effect

/*static rule*/ .efinve1 img( filter: invert(100%); -webkit-filter: invert(100%); ) /*for hover effect*/ .efinve2 img( transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; ) .efinve2:hover img( filter: invert(100%); -webkit-filter: invert(100%); transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; )

Saturation filter

When an image loses its natural color unknown reasons(something like a faded T-shirt in the sun), then by increasing the saturation you can instantly restore the previous look. And if this filter is used in combination with other filters, the result will be very satisfactory. The setting is made from 0 initial view to large numbers.

Original

Filter

Hover effect

/*static rule*/ .efsatut1 img( filter: saturate(165%); -webkit-filter: saturate(165%); ) /*for hover effect*/ .efsatut2 img( transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; ) .efsatut2:hover img( filter: saturate(165%); -webkit-filter: saturate(165%); transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; )

Sepia filter

Imitation of the effect of old photographs (slightly brown tint). This achieves a retro style of image, which is especially popular. The sepia filter is adjustable from 0% (home position) to 100%.

Original

Filter

Hover effect

/*static rule*/ .efsepiaa1 img( filter: sepia(100%); -webkit-filter: sepia(100%); ) /*for hover effect*/ .efsepiaa2 img( transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; ) .efsepiaa2:hover img( filter: sepia(100%); -webkit-filter: sepia(100%); transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; )

Filter transparency

A filter similar to the opacity property from the cascading table version 3. The syntax is the same, but the transparency value is adjustable from 0% to 100% (original position).

Original

Filter

Hover effect

/*static rule*/ .efopaty1 img( filter: opacity(50%); -webkit-filter: opacity(50%); ) /*for hover effect*/ .efopaty2 img( transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; ) .efopaty2:hover img( filter: opacity(50%); -webkit-filter: opacity(50%); transition: all 0.6s ease 0s; )

Filter link

A custom filter is created based on SVG elements with a specific identifier, which can subsequently be used in CSS through a link filter. The effects can be very different from standard filters, from overlay masks to banal transparency.

CSS filters generator

It has long been the custom to create generators of various CSS properties. , and many many others. They serve as a tool to make work easier. And for beginner webmasters they can have double benefits. They are very easy to use: move the sliders and you can see the results immediately. And when finished, all that remains is to copy the generated code. The same goes for CSS filter generators. Here are two of them for your reference:

Conclusion

The review turned out to be quite large, but I hope that it will be useful to someone in practice. Also, do not forget to combine filters, one is good, but two will be better in certain cases.