Housing and communal services (hereinafter housing and communal services) is a branch of the service sector and the most important part of the territorial infrastructure that determines the living conditions of a person, primarily the comfort of the home, its engineering improvement, the quality and reliability of transport, communications, household and other services on which depends health status, quality of life and social climate in populated areas.

The housing and communal services sector includes the following sub-sectors:

1. Housing and repair and maintenance production

2. Water supply and sanitation;

3. Municipal energy (electricity, heat, gas supply);

4. City transport (bus, tram, trolleybus);

5. Information economy (cable networks, satellite television, fiber optic systems and electronic communication channels, computer communication and software systems);

6. External urban improvement, including road maintenance and road transport construction;

7. Sanitary cleaning of territories (street cleaning, house cleaning with disposal of household and food waste);

8. Green farming (urban landscaping, floriculture);

9. Household services (baths, laundries, funeral services, etc.);

The sectors of urban services and housing and communal services are closely related to the regional economy. The urban economy can be considered as a complex of services, enterprises, engineering structures and networks necessary to satisfy the everyday household, socio-cultural, and communal needs of the population. The urban economy includes enterprises performing both production and non-production functions, including transport serving the population of the city (territory), consumer services, communications, trade, catering and some other industries.

The features of housing and communal services as a sector of the national economy include:

· combination of production and non-production functions related to the production of material products and the provision of services;

· special social significance, reinforcing the need for government regulation and control by consumers;

· a combination of commercial (profit-oriented) and non-profit organizations;

· the industry is represented by both natural monopolies (transportation of energy and liquids) and industries in which competition is possible and necessary (production of goods and services);

· diversity of organizational and legal status of entrepreneurship (with and without education legal entity) and forms of ownership;

· combination of large (energy production, Vodokanal, pipeline networks, etc.) and small businesses;

· dispersal of service delivery centers according to the settlement system, which determines the special role of local governments;

· the special importance of environmental and sanitary-epidemiological control;

· the need to guarantee a minimum of services regardless of the solvency of the population;

· diversity of consumers (citizens, their associations, enterprises, budgetary organizations). Increasing requirements for housing and communal services, its development and improvement acts as an important factor in raising the standard of living of people, improving their living conditions and developing the culture of the population.

Housing and communal services include housing and public utilities. The housing and communal services sectors can be classified as follows:

· sanitary services (water supply, sewerage, sanitary cleaning enterprises);

· intracity public passenger transport (tram, trolleybus, bus, metro);

· public energy (heat, electricity, gas networks,

communal boiler houses, power plants and gas plants not included in the general electrical systems);

· public services (baths, laundries, hairdressers, hotels);

· external urban improvement (road and bridge construction, landscaping, street lighting);

· utility enterprises (repair plants, workshops).

The urban economy also includes city (municipal) and district (local) government bodies, financial and credit institutions, bodies for the support and protection of public order, institutions of science and scientific services of intra-city importance. At the same time, the urban economy represents not a simple set of the listed areas, but an integrated “vascular system” that links together all the elements of service to the city (territory).

Among the specific features of the housing and communal services sector one should also include its diversified nature; predominantly local nature of service; close relationship with industry; the relationship between industries and enterprises that serve the characteristics of reproduction processes.

The leading sector of the urban economy, the most complex and extensive

is housing and communal services.

The housing and communal services sub-sectors, satisfying the relevant needs of the population, provide the necessary conditions for normal human life and the functioning of both the social and industrial structure of the region. Housing and communal services form the appropriate quality of life for the population, the culture of life and way of life, and largely determine the socio-economic potential of the territories and their investment attractiveness.

Despite the diversified structure, housing and communal services are an integral system that ensures normal human life and the functioning of the social and industrial infrastructure of the territory.

According to expert estimates, housing and communal services cover on average from 50 to 70% of fixed assets in municipal ownership and thus serve as the material basis for the functioning of local executive authorities and the most important area of their social responsibility. The lack of funds for the maintenance and repair of housing and communal services facilities due to the irrational mechanism for their formation and use, frequent and unjustified reorganizations of the management structure of housing and communal services led to a sharp decrease in the reliability of the functioning of housing and communal services facilities. Their accident rate increased by 38%.

The housing and communal services financing deficit is aggravated by the lack of proper regulatory and legal support for the functioning of this service sector.

Due to the general decline in the standard of living of the population and the increase in tariffs, the demand for many paid types of services (repair and maintenance of housing stock, household services, etc.) has significantly decreased, and the circle of their consumers is narrowing. As a result, the gap in the volume and quality of public services provided in countries with developed market economies has sharply increased. This causes social tension in society, especially in winter. An analysis of the level of provision of housing and communal services to the population based on data from sources shows that the gap between the necessary and practical level of consumption of housing and communal services in the 90s. is continuously increasing: the average level of provision of the population with total living space, per capita, is 1.5-2 times lower than the rational standard and 3-5 times lower than in countries with developed market economies, with 9.8 million families (including singles) live in dormitories and communal apartments. Only in a few other cities has the housing supply increased due to new housing construction.

On average, there are 17.7 square meters per person. total living space, while a third of families (including singles) have less than 9 square meters. m of living space. Over 5 million people lives in dilapidated and dilapidated houses.

The level of improvement of the housing stock remains low; a significant part of it does not meet standards not only in terms of volume, but also in terms of quality characteristics. In cities and towns, every fifth apartment is not equipped with centralized water supply, sewerage, or central heating. Today, more than 40 million people live in them.

The crisis of housing and communal services as a service sector is due to a combination of reasons: the weak technical base of the industry; lack of capacity; lack of necessary funds for development and ongoing maintenance, etc. Their deep basis is the ineffective and inappropriate mechanism for the socially oriented economy for setting tariffs and collecting payments for utility services, payment systems and control over the use of resources for the development of housing and communal services.

Since 1990, the growth rate of housing construction has been steadily declining due to rising prices for building materials and equipment coupled with a reduction in their production, increased transportation costs, and a sharp reduction in centralized financing for housing construction.

Housing and communal services are among the most monopolized sectors of the national economy. Monopoly in the housing and communal services system does not allow consumers to protect their rights, reduces the responsibility of organizations for the provision of housing and communal services and their quality, and leads to the formation of monopoly prices.

Analysis of system development information support Housing and communal services industry allows you to structure data used to support housing and communal services enterprises and of interest to them.

The following types of information resources are in greatest demand:

1. Regulatory documents;

2. Methodological developments;

3. Information related to the municipal order;

4. Investment projects, support systems;

5. Tariffs, prices, financial schemes;

6. Regional monitoring of the progress of management reform and energy and resource conservation;

7. Materials, equipment, machines, technologies;

8. Business press;

9. Socio-economic information.

Today, the housing and communal services sector is a complex, diversified production and technical complex. It includes: housing and repair and maintenance production; water supply and sanitation; municipal energy; external improvement, including sanitary cleaning and landscaping of cities. Housing and communal services include:

· Plumbing - elimination of leaking water pipes, water purification system
· Sewerage - wastewater disposal
· Major renovation of buildings
· Current repairs of internal general building utilities and systems (buildings)
· Heat supply - ensuring the supply of hot water and heat to residents, ensuring the operation of boiler houses and thermal power plants. Disruption of work can cause a fuel and energy crisis.
· Collection, removal and disposal of waste
· Maintenance of local areas (improvement)
· Electricity supply.

This industry, without which the life of a person, a city, or a territory is practically impossible, requires the formation of an effective mechanism for interaction between scientific and production organizations with local governments and the population in order to reform the housing and communal services complex to transfer it to a qualitatively new material and technical base.

To solve any of the existing problems in the housing and communal services sector, the use of information technologies. Modern information technologies make it possible to keep records of the consumption of heat, water and energy resources, organize control over the condition of objects, and ensure interaction between suppliers and consumers of resources. High-quality and reliable information is a valuable resource in demand by all market participants. For authorities, the use of ICT in the housing and communal services sector allows them to quickly monitor the situation, which is necessary for budgeting and accounting for current payments, planning and monitoring work, and developing a regulatory framework; ICT will help investors calculate the required investments and the possible return on them.

For ordinary citizens, end consumers of housing and communal services, the introduction of information technologies will allow them to control the resources they consume and optimize their use.

It is also important that the transition to the widespread use of information technologies in housing and communal services, leading to simplification of payment procedures and the transition to payments for consumed, rather than released, resources also has a significant social effect. Even simply informing market participants about the housing and communal services reform itself and saving money on current payments through the use of new consumption metering technologies can have a positive effect on the attitude of market participants towards the housing and communal services reform.

Today, housing and communal services information systems have already been implemented and are operating successfully in a number of regions. Thus, in 2007, a competition was held by the Ministry of Industry and Energy to develop technical regulations for the requirements for a software and hardware system for accounting for energy resources in housing and communal services. Similar technologies are gradually appearing in Russian cities - not only in Moscow, St. Petersburg, but also in Nizhny Novgorod, Sverdlovsk region, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, Surgut, Perm, etc.

In Nizhny Novgorod, based on already implemented solutions, a unified payment system for housing and communal services has been introduced. Payment transactions are carried out in real time - these technologies are similar to those used by operators cellular communication. In addition, a prepayment system is being introduced here, which will allow you to pay rent before your vacation.

In the Sverdlovsk region, payment collection procedures have been optimized ahead of the heating season. The problem with delayed payments was solved with the help of the Integrated Settlement Center (CPC), available in 36 cities of the Middle Urals and serving 490 thousand subscribers. In Yekaterinburg, a comprehensive settlement center also ensures transparency and efficiency of incoming payments, and funds for utility services are sent to the accounts of their suppliers.

The geography of implementation is quite extensive, however, the “pioneers of automation” were, as a rule, large cities and, mainly, donor regions.

Introduction

1.1 Concept of housing and communal services

Conclusion

Introduction

Housing and communal services are one of the main sectors of the economy, which has a significant impact on all aspects of society. The cost and quality of services in the housing and communal services sector are the most important characteristics of ensuring stability and sustainable development of the national economy, directly affecting the level and quality of life of all its citizens.

This problem can be successfully solved only on the basis of advanced information technologies. Informatization of housing and communal services is a necessary link in the reform of housing and communal services.

The introduction of information technology will allow us to create high-quality new system management of housing and communal services, as well as a system of regulated interaction with executive bodies of state power. It should be based on an information system that will bridge the gap between the already relatively developed regulatory framework and law enforcement practice, as well as improve the quality of decisions made, the social security of the population and strengthen control over the housing and communal services sector.

The purpose of this work is to study issues such as information technology for managing the housing and communal services sector, as well as the activities of the Unified Information and Payment Centers in Moscow.

Objectives – study of information technology for managing the housing and communal services sector, namely the concept of housing and communal services, tasks information systems housing and communal services; unified cash settlement centers, as well as the activities of Unified Information and Payment Centers in Moscow.

1. Information technologies for managing the housing and communal services sector

1.1 Concept of housing and communal services

· Plumbing - elimination of leaking water pipes, water purification system

· Sewerage - wastewater disposal

· Major renovation of buildings

· Current repairs of internal general building utilities and systems (buildings)

· Heat supply - ensuring the supply of hot water and heat to residents, ensuring the operation of boiler houses and thermal power plants. Disruption of work can cause a fuel and energy crisis.

1.2 Tasks of housing and communal services information systems

The tasks to be solved by the use of information systems in the housing and communal services sector are shown in Fig. 1.

Rice. 1. Tasks of housing and communal services information systems

Processing information about the technical condition of the territory’s housing stock is accounting for energy and water consumption, monitoring technical parameters of heating, hot and cold water supply, electricity supply, ventilation, operation of elevator equipment, monitoring technological discipline, transferring information in the context of houses, neighborhoods, neighborhoods for the purpose of calculation tariffs, decision-making on major renovation and etc.

Remote control of housing and communal services facilities involves controlling pressure and voltage in networks, turning on and off lighting in entrances and courtyard areas, and controlling access to technical premises.

The consequences of changes in tariffs and prices for housing and communal services can be predicted by modeling situations.

Accounting and calculation of payments for utilities includes:

· keeping records of buildings, apartments;

· management of personal accounts;

· maintaining quarterly records of utilities and consumption standards;

· calculation of subsidies and accounting of benefits (in aggregate and for each resident entered into the personal account) with the possibility of changing their list by the user;

· grouping buildings in order to change standards and other parameters for a large number of apartments, promptly performing calculations in the process of such changes;

· keeping records of the income of each family and calculating subsidies in accordance with these data;

· calculation of the amount of benefits (with the possibility of recalculation in case of changes in legislation) for each tenant;

· maintaining the history of accruals (recalculation for previous periods in accordance with the then existing standards).

Improving the quality of work with the population is achieved by reducing queues when receiving certificates and statements, and by automating the generation and printing of reports.

Budget savings are achieved by reducing labor costs for operations and the number of personnel.

2. Unified cash settlement centers (USCC)

The main goals of creating the ERCC are:

· formation of a subsidy-free housing and communal services system based on financial analysis, control and accounting of available resources;

· accounting of payment flows for utilities and document management;

· control of payment collection;

· creation of a database of municipal services, including all information about the state of the housing stock, population, quotas, subsidies, services provided.

The most important areas of activity of the ERCC are:

· prompt centralized services for residents of Moscow Region for payment of housing and communal services;

· preparation and delivery of payment documents to the population;

· provision of benefits and subsidies;

· making adjustments to calculations when tariffs, benefits and subsidies change;

· registration of citizens who have arrears in paying for housing and utilities;

· centralized information and analytical support for administrative districts.

Centralization of subscriber services to the population on the basis of the ERCC allowed us to obtain a number of advantages:

· improving control over the correctness of changes in tariffs and charging for housing and communal services, eliminating discrepancies in documents and errors in their interpretation;

· use of a single invoice receipt within the city, handed to each payer personally;

Increased update speed information base;

· improving the quality of provision of benefits by integrating the information base with the database of the social protection service;

· improving the quality of information services to the population through the organization of " hotline» regarding the provision of housing and communal services.

The interest of utility service providers in increasing the collection of utility bills has increased, since the amount Money transferred to these organizations is determined by the volume of services actually provided. This stimulates the improvement of the quality of services provided.

3. Activities of the Unified Information and Settlement Centers in Moscow

During the period from November 2002 to the present, a significant amount of work has been completed to resolve organizational and administrative issues related to ensuring the operation of unified information and settlement centers, which made it possible to combine all the main types of housing (operational), utilities and other services in the field of housing and communal services households (housing and communal services) in a single payment document, organize their centralized delivery to the population, ensure the collection of most types of payments for housing and communal services through a single payment document to transit accounts and their further distribution directly to service providers, bypassing intermediaries, to increase the degree of transparency of payments for housing and communal services, to create the prerequisites for servicing the population on the “one window” principle.

In this regard, special attention was paid to coordinating the actions of all participants in the process of functioning of unified information and payment centers, creating conditions for the availability of information for Muscovites on ongoing operations for calculating payments for housing, communal and other services provided to them, on established rates and tariffs, benefits and subsidies, organizing consultations on the entire range of issues and problems in this area.

In a number of districts of the city, for example: Zhulebino, Lyublino, Kuntsevo, Lianozovo, Altufyevo, Chertanovo North, Beskudnikovo, Lomonosovsky, Teply Stan, Northern Izmailovo, Veshnyaki, Arbat, Timiryazevsky, Biryulyovo East, thanks to the efforts of prefectures, district administrations, directorates of a single customer, successfully There are unified information and settlement centers with a good material and technical base and qualified personnel.

A positive role in the process of establishing the EIRC system and increasing the level of its functioning is played by Bank of Moscow OJSC, performing the functions of a financial operator and ensuring the creation of an effective system for accounting for cash flows in the housing and communal services system.

The organization of the EIRC and the establishment of their activities were accompanied by extensive outreach work, both directly through unified information and settlement centers, and through the city, district and regional media.

As a result, if in November 2002 the number of Muscovites paying for housing, communal and other services using unified payment documents did not exceed 20%, then in the current period in the city as a whole this figure was more than 95%.

At the same time, the existing system of unified information and settlement centers requires further refinement.

Currently, the activities of the EIRC do not cover all categories of payers for housing and communal services, which hinders the creation of an optimal socio-economic model for accrual, collection and distribution of payments for housing and communal services.

The issues of a more rational organization of management and functioning of the EIRC require solutions, primarily through the unification and optimization of processes related to the calculation of payments, the creation of a single information space covering all participants in the payment system, within the framework of the targeted city program Electronic Moscow.

Further material, technical and personnel strengthening of a number of EIRCs and the creation of a citywide system of training and retraining of employees of centers at all levels are necessary.

Conclusion

So, we looked at information technologies for managing the housing and communal services sector and the activities of the Unified Information and Clearing Centers in Moscow.

Housing and communal services is a complex, diversified production and technical complex, which includes housing and repair and maintenance production; water supply and sanitation; municipal energy; external improvement, including sanitary cleaning and landscaping of cities.

For the successful operation of housing and communal services, it is necessary to introduce information technologies, which will create a qualitatively new management system for housing and communal services, as well as a system of regulated interaction with executive bodies of state power. It should be based on an information system that will bridge the gap between the already relatively developed regulatory framework and law enforcement practice, as well as improve the quality of decisions made, the social security of the population and strengthen control over the housing and communal services sector.

The tasks of housing and communal services information systems include the following:

Increasing dispatch efficiency;

Processing information about the technical condition of the territory’s housing stock;

Remote control of housing and communal services facilities;

Situation modeling;

Accounting and calculation of payments for utilities;

Improving the quality of work with the population;

Information services for municipal authorities;

Exchange of information between municipal authorities;

Saving budget funds.

The EIRC is entrusted with the formation and organization of delivery to residents of a single payment document, summarizing the accruals of suppliers of housing, communal and other services and resources, taking into account existing benefits and subsidies, and in the future - targeted subsidies, organizing the reception of the population, allowing residents to receive information about all provided housing -utilities and other services, charges and payments for them (single window) and registration of documents requested by the population, certificates, extracts, etc., as well as the formation of a package of documents for the provision of subsidies for the payment of housing and communal services.

The form and rules for filling out the Unified Payment Document are approved in order to provide the necessary criteria for the functioning of the EIRC.

List of references and sources

1. Decree of the Moscow government of July 29, 2003 No. 617-PP On the work of Unified Information and Settlement Centers (UIRC) and measures to improve their activities

2. Zhadko P. A. Information support for assessing the condition and organizing control in the structure of the housing and communal services of the region. - Dissertations for the degree of candidate of economic sciences. – Moscow, 2009.

3. Saak A.E., Pakhomov E.V., Tyushnyakov V.N. Management information technologies: Textbook for universities. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2005. - 320 p. - (Series "Textbook for universities")

Http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housing and communal services

Http://mgkh.mosreg.ru/

Saak A.E., Pakhomov E.V., Tyushnyakov V.N. Management information technologies: Textbook for universities. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2005. - 320 p. - (Series "Textbook for universities")

Decree of the Moscow government of July 29, 2003 No. 617-PP On the work of Unified Information and Settlement Centers (EIRC) and measures to improve their activities

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Presentation on the topic: Information technologies in housing and communal services

Slide no. 1

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Slide no. 2

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One of the main factors influencing scientific and technological progress on all spheres of human activity is the widespread use of new information technologies. Among the most important and widespread areas in which information technology plays a decisive role, the housing and communal services sector occupies a special place. Under the influence of new information technologies, fundamental changes are taking place in management technology, and the qualifications and professionalism of specialists involved in activities in the housing and communal services sector are increasing. One of the main factors influencing scientific and technological progress on all spheres of human activity is the widespread use of new information technologies. Among the most important and widespread areas in which information technology plays a decisive role, the housing and communal services sector occupies a special place. Under the influence of new information technologies, fundamental changes are taking place in management technology, and the qualifications and professionalism of specialists involved in activities in the housing and communal services sector are increasing. Housing and communal services are one of the main sectors of the economy, which has a significant impact on all aspects of society. The cost and quality of services in the housing and communal services sector are the most important characteristics of ensuring stability and sustainable development of the national economy, directly affecting the level and quality of life of all its citizens.

Slide no. 3

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However, this area of society is in a state of crisis, historically caused by a number of circumstances: an ineffective management system, high costs associated with the provision of housing and utility services, an underdeveloped competitive environment, and chronic non-payments. Management of housing and communal services (HCS) has extremely low efficiency, and the lack of adequate information does not allow the basic principles of a program-targeted approach to management to be put into practice. There is no effectively functioning management information system that could contribute to the process of reforming the housing and communal services sector and its transition to a qualitatively new state. Among the many problems that need to be solved during the implementation of housing and communal services reform, a special place is occupied by the reliability and accessibility of information that is created, used and disseminated in the housing and communal services sector. First of all, this is information about the housing stock and residents, about the consumption of energy resources, operational information about the current state of housing and communal services facilities, utilities. However, this area of society is in a state of crisis, historically caused by a number of circumstances: an ineffective management system, high costs associated with the provision of housing and utility services, an underdeveloped competitive environment, and chronic non-payments. Management of housing and communal services (HCS) has extremely low efficiency, and the lack of adequate information does not allow the basic principles of a program-targeted approach to management to be put into practice. There is no effectively functioning management information system that could contribute to the process of reforming the housing and communal services sector and its transition to a qualitatively new state. Among the many problems that need to be solved during the implementation of housing and communal services reform, a special place is occupied by the reliability and accessibility of information that is created, used and disseminated in the housing and communal services sector. First of all, this is information about the housing stock and residents, about the consumption of energy resources, operational information about the current state of housing and communal services facilities, utilities. This problem can be successfully solved only on the basis of advanced information technologies. Informatization of housing and communal services is a necessary link in the reform of housing and communal services. The introduction of information technologies will make it possible to create a qualitatively new management system for housing and communal services, as well as a system of regulated interaction with executive bodies of state power. It should be based on an information system that will bridge the gap between the already relatively developed regulatory framework and law enforcement practice, as well as improve the quality of decisions made, the social security of the population and strengthen control over the housing and communal services sector.

Slide no. 4

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In this regard, the need for structural reforms in the management of housing and communal services, based on a scientifically based array of information, is objectively increasing. This is necessary for making effective management decisions and, most importantly, to ensure the principle of optimal control over the activities of housing and communal services entities, which, in accordance with the new Housing Code (LC RF), becomes a key element of management and requires complete information obtained from various sources. In this regard, the need for structural reforms in the management of housing and communal services, based on a scientifically based array of information, is objectively increasing. This is necessary for making effective management decisions and, most importantly, to ensure the principle of optimal control over the activities of housing and communal services entities, which, in accordance with the new Housing Code (LC RF), becomes a key element of management and requires complete information obtained from various sources. The purpose of this work is to study issues such as information technology for managing the housing and communal services sector, as well as the activities of the Unified Information and Payment Centers in Moscow. Objectives - study of information technology for managing the housing and communal services sector, namely the concept of housing and communal services, the tasks of housing and communal services information systems; unified cash settlement centers, as well as the activities of Unified Information and Payment Centers in Moscow.

Slide no. 5

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Housing and communal services is a complex of sub-sectors that ensures the functioning of engineering infrastructure, various buildings of settlements, creating convenience and comfort for citizens by providing them with a wide range of housing and communal services. Housing and communal services is a complex of sub-sectors that ensures the functioning of engineering infrastructure, various buildings of settlements, creating convenience and comfort for citizens by providing them with a wide range of housing and communal services. Today, the housing and communal services sector is a complex, diversified production and technical complex. It includes: housing and repair and maintenance production; water supply and sanitation; municipal energy; external improvement, including sanitary cleaning and landscaping of cities. Housing and communal services include: Water supply - elimination of leaks in water pipes, water purification system Sewerage - waste water disposal Major repairs of buildings Routine repair of internal general building utilities and systems (buildings) Heat supply - ensuring the supply of hot water and heat to residents, ensuring the operation of boiler houses and thermal power plants. Disruption of work can cause a fuel and energy crisis. Collection, removal and disposal of waste Maintenance of local areas (improvement) Electricity supply. This industry, without which the life of a person, a city, or a territory is practically impossible, requires the formation of an effective mechanism for interaction between scientific and production organizations with local governments and the population in order to reform the housing and communal services complex to transfer it to a qualitatively new material and technical base. http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housing and communal services http://mgkh.mosreg.ru/

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Housing and communal services information systems ensure increased efficiency in the receipt of current information about the condition of objects at the control center in order to quickly respond to problematic situations. Housing and communal services information systems ensure increased efficiency in the receipt of current information about the condition of objects at the control center in order to quickly respond to problematic situations. Processing information about the technical condition of the territory’s housing stock is accounting for energy and water consumption, monitoring technical parameters of heating, hot and cold water supply, electricity supply, ventilation, operation of elevator equipment, monitoring technological discipline, transferring information in the context of houses, neighborhoods, neighborhoods for the purpose of calculation tariffs, making decisions on major repairs, etc. Remote control of housing and communal services facilities involves controlling pressure and voltage in networks, turning on and off lighting in entrances and courtyard areas, and controlling access to technical premises. The consequences of changes in tariffs and prices for housing and communal services can be predicted by modeling situations. Accounting and calculation of payments for utilities includes: keeping records of buildings, apartments; management of personal accounts; maintaining quarterly records of utilities and consumption standards; calculation of subsidies and accounting of benefits (in aggregate and for each resident entered into the personal account) with the possibility of changing their list by the user; grouping buildings in order to change standards and other parameters for a large number of apartments, promptly performing calculations in the process of such changes; keeping records of the income of each family and calculating subsidies in accordance with these data; calculation of the amount of benefits (with the possibility of recalculation in case of changes in legislation) for each tenant; maintaining the history of accruals (recalculation for previous periods in accordance with the then existing standards). Improving the quality of work with the population is achieved by reducing queues when receiving certificates and statements, and by automating the generation and printing of reports. Budget savings are achieved by reducing labor costs for operations and the number of personnel. Saak A.E., Pakhomov E.V., Tyushnyakov V.N. Management information technologies: Textbook for universities. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2005. - 320 p. - (Series "Textbook for universities")

Slide no. 7

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Currently, the automation of housing and communal services is moving towards the organization of unified cash settlement centers (USCC). The main purpose of the ERCC is to calculate the cost of utility services, automate the payment of utility services by the population under the conditions of contractual relations between providers of housing and communal services. Currently, the automation of housing and communal services is moving towards the organization of unified cash settlement centers (USCC). The main purpose of the ERCC is to calculate the cost of utility services, automate the payment of utility services by the population under the conditions of contractual relations between providers of housing and communal services. The main goals of creating the ERCC are: the formation of a subsidy-free housing and communal services system based on financial analysis, control and accounting of available resources; accounting of payment flows for utilities and document management; control of payment collection; creation of a municipal economy database, including all information about the state of the housing stock, population, quotas, subsidies, and services provided. The most important areas of activity of the ERCC are: prompt centralized services for residents of the Moscow Region for payment of housing and communal services; preparation and delivery of payment documents to the population; provision of benefits and subsidies; making adjustments to calculations when tariffs, benefits and subsidies change; registration of citizens who have arrears in paying for housing and utilities; centralized information and analytical support for administrative districts. Centralization of subscriber services to the population on the basis of the ERCC has made it possible to obtain a number of advantages: improved control over the correctness of changes in tariffs and charging for housing and communal services, elimination of discrepancies in documents and errors in their interpretation; use of a single invoice receipt within the city, handed to each payer personally; increasing the efficiency of updating the information base; improving the quality of provision of benefits by integrating the information base with the database of the social protection service; improving the quality of information services to the population by organizing a “hotline” on issues of providing housing and communal services. The interest of utility service providers in increasing the collection of utility payments has increased, since the amount of money transferred to these organizations is determined by the volume of services actually provided. This stimulates the improvement of the quality of services provided. Saak A.E., Pakhomov E.V., Tyushnyakov V.N. Management information technologies: Textbook for universities. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2005. - 320 p. - (Series "Textbook for universities")

Slide no. 8

Slide description:

In accordance with the Decree of the Moscow Government of June 25, 2002 N 476-PP "On the creation of Unified Information and Payment Centers" by executive authorities included in the Municipal Economy Complex of the Moscow Government, prefectures of administrative districts, city district administrations together with resource supply organizations, OJSC " Bank of Moscow" in a short period of time created and operates unified information and settlement centers in all districts of the city. In accordance with the Decree of the Moscow Government of June 25, 2002 N 476-PP "On the creation of Unified Information and Payment Centers" by executive authorities included in the Municipal Economy Complex of the Moscow Government, prefectures of administrative districts, city district administrations together with resource supply organizations, OJSC " Bank of Moscow" in a short period of time created and operates unified information and settlement centers in all districts of the city. During the period from November 2002 to the present, a significant amount of work has been completed to resolve organizational and administrative issues related to ensuring the operation of unified information and settlement centers, which made it possible to combine all the main types of housing (operational), utilities and other services in the field of housing and communal services households (housing and communal services) in a single payment document, organize their centralized delivery to the population, ensure the collection of most types of payments for housing and communal services through a single payment document to transit accounts and their further distribution directly to service providers, bypassing intermediaries, increase the degree of transparency of payments for housing and communal services, create prerequisites for servicing the population on the “one window” principle. In this regard, special attention was paid to coordinating the actions of all participants in the process of functioning of unified information and payment centers, creating conditions for the availability of information for Muscovites on ongoing operations for calculating payments for housing, communal and other services provided to them, on established rates and tariffs, benefits and subsidies, organizing consultations on the entire range of issues and problems in this area.

Slide no. 9

Slide description:

The issues of creating and organizing the work of unified information and settlement centers were most successfully resolved by the prefectures of the Central, North-Eastern, Eastern, Southern and some other administrative districts of the city. Certain positive experience in creating a system for calculating payments for housing services and calculating subsidies on the “one-window” principle was created in the city of Zelenograd. The issues of creating and organizing the work of unified information and settlement centers were most successfully resolved by the prefectures of the Central, North-Eastern, Eastern, Southern and some other administrative districts of the city. Certain positive experience in creating a system for calculating payments for housing services and calculating subsidies on the “one-window” principle was created in the city of Zelenograd. In a number of districts of the city, for example: Zhulebino, Lyublino, Kuntsevo, Lianozovo, Altufyevo, Chertanovo North, Beskudnikovo, Lomonosovsky, Teply Stan, Northern Izmailovo, Veshnyaki, Arbat, Timiryazevsky, Biryulyovo East, thanks to the efforts of prefectures, district administrations, directorates of a single customer, successfully There are unified information and settlement centers with a good material and technical base and qualified personnel. A positive role in the process of establishing the EIRC system and increasing the level of its functioning is played by Bank of Moscow OJSC, performing the functions of a financial operator and ensuring the creation of an effective system for accounting for cash flows in the housing and communal services system. The organization of the EIRC and the establishment of their activities were accompanied by extensive outreach work, both directly through unified information and settlement centers, and through the city, district and regional media. As a result, if in November 2002 the number of Muscovites paying for housing, communal and other services using unified payment documents did not exceed 20%, then in the current period in the city as a whole this figure was more than 95%. At the same time, the existing system of unified information and settlement centers requires further refinement. Currently, the activities of the EIRC do not cover all categories of payers for housing and communal services, which hinders the creation of an optimal socio-economic model for accrual, collection and distribution of payments for housing and communal services. The issues of a more rational organization of management and functioning of the EIRC require solutions, primarily through the unification and optimization of processes related to the calculation of payments, the creation of a single information space covering all participants in the payment system, within the framework of the targeted city program Electronic Moscow. Further material, technical and personnel strengthening of a number of EIRCs and the creation of a citywide system of training and retraining of employees of centers at all levels are necessary. Decree of the Moscow government of July 29, 2003 No. 617-PP On the work of Unified Information and Settlement Centers (EIRC) and measures to improve their activities

Slide no. 10

Slide description:

So, we looked at information technologies for managing the housing and communal services sector and the activities of the Unified Information and Clearing Centers in Moscow. So, we looked at information technologies for managing the housing and communal services sector and the activities of the Unified Information and Clearing Centers in Moscow. Housing and communal services is a complex, diversified production and technical complex, which includes housing and repair and maintenance production; water supply and sanitation; municipal energy; external improvement, including sanitary cleaning and landscaping of cities. For the successful operation of housing and communal services, it is necessary to introduce information technologies, which will create a qualitatively new management system for housing and communal services, as well as a system of regulated interaction with executive bodies of state power. It should be based on an information system that will bridge the gap between the already relatively developed regulatory framework and law enforcement practice, as well as improve the quality of decisions made, the social security of the population and strengthen control over the housing and communal services sector. The tasks of housing and communal services information systems include the following: - increasing dispatch efficiency; - processing information about the technical condition of the territory’s housing stock; - remote control housing and communal services facilities; - modeling of situations; - accounting and calculation of payments for utilities; - improving the quality of work with the population; - information services for municipal authorities; - exchange of information between municipal authorities; - budget savings.

Slide no. 11

Slide description:

It should be noted that in order to implement informatization of the housing and communal services sector in the administrative districts of Moscow, Unified Information and Settlement Centers (IRC) with branches in the districts of Moscow are being created. It should be noted that in order to implement informatization of the housing and communal services sector in the administrative districts of Moscow, Unified Information and Settlement Centers (IRC) with branches in the districts of Moscow are being created. The EIRC is entrusted with the formation and organization of delivery to residents of a single payment document, summarizing the accruals of suppliers of housing, communal and other services and resources, taking into account existing benefits and subsidies, and in the future - targeted subsidies, organizing the reception of the population, allowing residents to receive information about all provided housing -utilities and other services, charges and payments for them (single window) and registration of documents requested by the population, certificates, extracts, etc., as well as the formation of a package of documents for the provision of subsidies for the payment of housing and communal services. The form and rules for filling out the Unified Payment Document are approved in order to provide the necessary criteria for the functioning of the EIRC.

The article is devoted to the practice of applying computer modeling techniques in the areas of heat, water supply and sanitation. The tasks and methods of modeling centralized utility systems are considered to identify and eliminate hydraulic imbalance, develop and update heat, water supply and sewerage schemes, as well as the possibility of application in this work geographic information systems(GIS).

Modern information technologies in housing and communal services can solve most of the existing problems in this area.

Practicing engineers know that the main reason for the deterioration in the quality of heat, water supply and sanitation services is suboptimal operating modes of the corresponding centralized systems. The result may be unjustified losses of heat and water, excessive consumption of electricity, gas (fuel), as well as an increase in the number of consumer complaints. In order for the system to function optimally, it is recommended to periodically carry out a set of adjustment measures*. But sometimes, when solving large-scale problems (for example, modernization and development of the city’s public utilities), it is necessary to consider technical system in a broader context, taking into account her environment. It is necessary to take into account the financial condition and technical support housing and communal services enterprises, the need to connect new consumers to networks, accessibility various types fuel, administrative regulation and much more. Heat supply, water supply and sanitation schemes can help solve these problems.

*Industry standard. Heating network. Regime adjustment of centralized heat supply systems. OST 36-68-82. 1982.

A heat supply scheme (settlement or urban district) is understood as “a document containing pre-design materials to justify the effective and safe operation of the heat supply system, its development, taking into account legal regulation in the field of energy saving and increasing energy efficiency” (Federal Law dated July 27, 2010 No. 190-FZ "About heat supply"). In short, the heat supply scheme includes detailed description current state heat supply systems (settlement or urban district) and a 15-year plan for their development.

Water supply and sanitation schemes have a similar meaning: this is “a set of graphic... and textual descriptions of the technical and economic state of centralized hot water supply, cold water supply and/or sanitation systems and directions for their development” for a 10-year perspective (RF Government Decree dated 09/05/2013 No. 782 “On water supply and sanitation schemes”).

Close, cannot be left: on the transition from open heat supply systems (hot water supply) to closed ones

The objectives of heat supply schemes are determined by Government program“Energy saving and increasing energy efficiency for the period until 2020.” The program assumes:

reduction of specific fuel consumption during heat production to 167.2 kg. t./Gcal;
reduction of specific electricity consumption to 12 kWh/Gcal;
increasing electricity generation through cogeneration to 57 billion kWh (5% of total electricity generation in Russia);
reduction of heat losses in networks by up to 10.7%.

For your information

Utility costs account for more than 10% of the population's expenditure structure. For the poorest social strata, this figure reaches 15–17%.

Source: gks.ru

Electronic models of heat, water supply and sanitation systems

Requirements for schemes for urban districts with a population of more than 100 thousand people are established by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 22, 2012 No. 154. The scheme must include an electronic model that:

contains graphic and semantic information about the objects of the heat supply system linked to the topographic base;
allows for calculations of thermal-hydraulic modes;
helps to formulate a program of operational switching and possible connections of consumers;
calculates thermal energy balances;
determines the values of heat supply reliability indicators.

Similar requirements are defined for electronic models of water supply and sanitation (Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 5, 2013 No. 782).

Our experience shows that modeling and subsequent operational adjustment of the heating network allows us to achieve these indicators and save 3–10% of total heat supply costs*. On the scale of the heating network costs of a boiler house or thermal power plant with a capacity of 100 Gcal/h, savings can reach 30 million rubles. in year. Adjustment activities will cost an order of magnitude less, and they can be carried out no more than once every five years.

*IN. L. Govorov, S. G. Legostin, A. V. Lunyakov, M. A. Galakhov. Modern approach to setting up and modernizing centralized heat supply systems // Housing and communal services: magazine of the manager and chief accountant. 2012. No. 3. Part I;

V.L. Govorov, S. G. Legostin, A. V. Lunyakov, M. A. Galakhov. Electronic model of the heat supply system and a modern approach to the adjustment and modernization of heating networks. Electronic resource. http://geoinfograd.ru

Devices for limiting water disposal: legality of use

For smaller (less than 100 thousand people) municipalities, an electronic model that allows solving problems of modeling a heat supply system, performing hydraulic calculations and setting up heating networks, calculating heat supply reliability indicators, simulating shutdowns/switchings of sections, network segments and consumers, incl. in emergency situations and their elimination, is also useful. It is especially relevant for cities - both for reasons of saving heat and energy resources and reducing consumer complaints, and according to the requirements of Rostechnadzor (Order of Rostechnadzor dated July 17, 2013 No. 314). GeoInfoGrad LLC uses the ZuluThermo software and calculation system to create such an electronic model. An approximate view of the calculation model is shown in Fig. 1.

The process of developing an electronic model and measures for setting up and regulating a centralized heating system can be divided into stages.

1. Request from the heat supply organization initial data on the heat supply system, their clarification.

2. Creation computer model network topology with location reference (to scale) based on graphics, survey or description.

3. Analysis and systematization of source documents and data on the heating network. Preparation of information for computer calculations. Creation of a calculation model (scheme) of heating networks and input of data on the heating network. Performing calculations on a computer and analyzing the calculation results.

4. Data verification, model calibration, determination of hydraulic characteristics of network sections.

5. Thermohydraulic calculations of heating networks:

hydraulic calculation and development of hydraulic mode(s);
calculation of throttle devices.

6. Development of measures for setting up a centralized heat supply system. Formatted as a report.

7. Implementation of the developed measures (during the inter-heating period, they are usually carried out by the heat supply organization and management organizations).

8. Measurements of operating parameters of the heat supply system for regulation. Adjustment of the calculation model and development of measures to regulate heating networks based on the results of the operation of the heat supply system in a stable mode after the implementation of measures to adjust heating networks (next heating season).

In the process of such work (or independently of them), software for working with the electronic model and thermal-hydraulic calculations, training of customer employees to work with GIS software Zulu, ZuluThermo and the electronic model can be supplied.

For reference

"18. Circumstances, in the event of non-compliance with which an act with obligations for the elimination of comments is drawn up in relation to municipalities, includes non-compliance with the requirement for the use of electronic modeling of emergency situations specified in clause 18 of the Rules for assessing readiness for the heating season, approved. by order of the Ministry of Energy of Russia dated March 12, 2013 No. 103 (clause 23.1 of these Methodological Recommendations).”

New technologies in heating and hot water supply systems, heat exchange equipment

Economic effect from the use of modern information technologies in housing and communal services

An assessment of the economic effect of adjusting the heat supply system shows that these measures for an unbalanced system, as a rule, should pay for themselves within one heating period after their implementation and provide a further economic effect corresponding to the eliminated imbalance of the system. The organizational effect of the adjustment is to reduce the number of complaints and litigation with heat consumers. In general, the effect of the adjustment can be estimated as 1–10% of heat sales due to the reduction of excess gas consumption for heat generation and electricity for operating network pumps.

The economic effect of using heat supply, water supply and sanitation schemes for planning the operation, modernization and development of heat supply, water supply and sanitation systems is more difficult to assess. The heat supply scheme itself brings little direct benefit - only satisfaction of the requirements of the law and government regulations. However, it allows us to identify factors of inefficiency in heat supply systems and the possibility of improving their operation by switching to cheaper fuel, using more efficient boiler houses or thermal power plants, reducing losses in networks, reducing accident rates, eliminating overheating, more efficient use of the resources of the heating supply organization, etc. Also a diagram heat supply will serve as a platform for justifying investment programs of heat supply organizations. To develop a financial plan for the modernization of heat supply systems, a competent systematic approach to the technical part of the measures is required, taking into account the economic situation in heat supply organizations, the peculiarities of legal regulation in the housing and communal services sector, as well as new requirements of the Ministry of Energy of Russia and Rostechnadzor in relation to energy efficiency and accident rates.

It is possible to achieve a financial result of about 10–20% of the costs of implementing activities. In many ways, the effect is achieved by converting the largest boiler houses from fuel oil or diesel fuel to gas: the cost of generating thermal energy can be reduced by 2–3 times. For some time, the cost of fuel oil and diesel fuel was lower due to tax preferences for refineries, but now the production of 1 Gcal on gas is already three times cheaper than the production of 1 Gcal on diesel fuel or fuel oil. And in the long term, the price of liquid fuel is expected to continue to rise compared to gas. With sufficient gasification of the area, the transition to gas boiler houses seems inevitable. This means that the participation of Gazprom in modernization programs of the heat and power industry is highly desirable as one of the main beneficiaries of this modernization.

Example

Let us evaluate the economic effect of introducing a heat supply scheme with an electronic model for a city with a population of 30–50 thousand people and with 5–10 boiler houses (100–150 Gcal/h).

The cost of measures to modernize the heat supply system is about 50 million rubles. in year. Costs of ineffective planning ~ 10%, i.e. 5 million rubles. A detailed heat supply diagram with an electronic model costs 1–1.2 million rubles. This scheme will significantly reduce the costs of ineffective planning.

What are the requirements for a resource supply agreement?

Obstacles to the implementation of the latest information technologies in the housing and communal services sector

What problems are encountered when introducing electronic models at resource supply enterprises? Our experience shows that the list common problems, as a rule, the following.

1. Low profitability or unprofitability of many heat supply organizations and water utilities. As a result, there are no available funds; other tasks are prioritized - for example, repairing networks and sources.

2. Lack of sufficiently qualified personnel, as well as insufficient automation of the software available on the market to solve these problems by less qualified personnel.

3. Lack of sufficient funds for the administration of cities, settlements, and districts (responsible for the development and updating of heat supply, water supply and sanitation schemes) for the high-quality development of schemes and understanding of the requirements for heat supply, water supply and sanitation schemes.

4. Problems of interdepartmental interaction and standardization. Developers of master plans do not always provide data to developers of heat supply schemes or administrations and heat supply organizations. The format of the presented data does not always meet the requirements, or there are no requirements for data exchange formats.

To solve the problem of low profitability or unprofitability of heat supply organizations and water utilities, it is necessary to develop reasonable methods and systems for calculating the cost of production and sale of heat, water supply and sanitation services and the corresponding tariffs, taking into account the necessary costs of operation, modernization and development of systems. It is also necessary to expand the practice and volume of municipal bonds to finance modernization projects and development of municipal infrastructure, include this work in investment programs, and delegate some of the work to developers.

The lack of sufficiently qualified personnel at heat supply enterprises was noted by many participants in the industry scientific and practical conference “Heat Supply 2016: Priorities of Strategic Development,” held on September 7-8 in Moscow. However, this problem is not given sufficient attention in the draft Strategy for the Development of Heat Supply and Cogeneration in Russian Federation for the period until 2020*. It is useful to develop distance (via the Internet) part-time education and improve the functionality of software used in the industry to reduce the need for qualified personnel. For example, in the courses at GeoInfoGrad LLC you can learn how to use GIS programs Zulu, ZuluThermo, ZuluHydro, ZuluDrain when creating electronic calculation models of heat, water supply, sewerage systems, setting up heating networks, for hydraulic calculations and optimization of hydraulic modes of water supply and sewerage networks.

*www.energosovet.ru

The modern market offers software that automates many processes of accounting, presentation, calculations and modeling of heat supply systems. However, there are many tasks that still await automation.

Modeling in heat supply is also used to solve problems:

automation and dispatching of boiler houses and networks;
control over fuel consumption and heat consumption;
monitoring the condition of heat supply systems;
supporting decision-making on the development of heat supply systems;
assessing the economic efficiency of measures and economic regulation in the field of heat supply.

The last three tasks have to be solved as part of the process of developing or updating a heat supply scheme.

Existing software solutions provide most of the needs of the enterprise that carries out adjustment and hydraulic calculations of heating networks. In particular, the domestic software package ZuluThermo that we use includes the following components:

geographic information system;
module for solving switching problems;
module for verification thermal-hydraulic calculation of the heating network (calculation of modes);
module for adjustment thermal-hydraulic calculation of the heating network (adjustment) in accordance with OST 36-68-82;
module for design calculations;
Software for constructing piezometric graphs (Fig. 1);
module for calculating standard heat losses in heating networks;
module for calculating the reliability of the heat supply system.

The set of capabilities of this GIS (with modules) almost completely satisfies the requirements for an electronic model of a heat supply circuit in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 22, 2012 No. 154. However, in practice, a number of insufficiently automated tasks remain.

The first is the collection and processing of initial data with subsequent loading of the results into the heating network database. For faster and higher-quality development or updating of the heat supply scheme during the work, GeoInfoGrad LLC carried out partial automation this process. Automatic calculations are made in Microsoft Excel, which allows engineers of a heating network enterprise to enter the requested initial data in a familiar format. Calculation results can be exported both to the ZuluThermo semantic database for further work, and directly into reports on the heating scheme.

Determining the hydraulic characteristics of the system using the standard ORGRES method (RD 34.20.519–97*) can be complicated by the need to disconnect consumers during testing. In accordance with the method, it is necessary to isolate the circulation ring from sections of the supply and return lines from the heat source and the embedded jumper at the end of the ring. It creates special modes associated with increased water consumption. Since this is not always possible, GeoInfoGrad has developed its own methodology, similar to the VTI methodology (RD 153-34.1-20.526-00**). It allows you to determine the hydraulic characteristics of pipelines of water heating networks under operating conditions based on measurement data at control points of the network, including using ultrasonic flow meters with clamp-on sensors.

*RD 34.20.519–97 “Guidelines for testing water heating networks for hydraulic losses.” Approved by the Department of Science and Technology of RAO UES of Russia on April 25, 1997.

**RD 153–34.1–20.526–00 “Guidelines for testing water heating networks for hydraulic losses without disturbing operating conditions.” Approved by the Department of Development Strategy and Scientific and Technical Policy of RAO UES of Russia on May 4, 2000.

GIS Housing and Communal Services: step-by-step instructions for registering and adding information

Tasks for automating system modeling

1. Automation of finding and eliminating errors in source data

The customer may provide incomplete, inconsistent or outdated system parameter data. Straightforward use of such data inevitably leads to errors in the model. Some simple errors - blank initial data, obviously unrealistic data - are found by the ZuluThermo program. However, many less obvious errors still remain and require analysis of the obtained calculation results. We have developed a methodology for localizing and classifying errors, which is used by leading specialists when developing models for commissioning activities.

Classification of errors makes it possible to identify the source of their occurrence based on the results of hydraulic calculations. We distinguish the following main types of errors in the network model:

incorrect pipe diameters;
incorrect network topology;
incorrect load values on the consumer side;
incorrect source parameters (return pressure, available pressure);
Incorrect temperature chart.

To indicate an error, a piezograph is constructed, and its behavior in various parts of the network makes it possible to indicate with a high degree of confidence one of the described types of errors. The technique has already been successfully used by our partners.

2. Calibration of the computer model of the system

As a rule, enterprises do not have initial data for hydraulic (verification) and adjustment calculations: roughness and overgrowth, resistance of network sections, resistance of intra-house heating systems, heat exchangers, diameters of installed washers and elevator nozzles. It is often not possible to carry out hydraulic tests to determine hydraulic performance. Reasons: it is impossible to measure directly physically, or it is too financially expensive - the economics of the enterprise does not allow it; there are no qualified employees capable of performing hydraulic tests in accordance with existing methods and calculating these parameters based on their results; There are no available funds or knowledge to attract qualified employees and organizations.

Calculations in ZuluThermo do not make it possible to calculate the required parameters directly, but they make it possible to select these values in “critical” sections of the network over several iterations and then distribute them to similar sections.

Example of a sequence of actions:

1) request for parameters (pressure, flow, temperature) by control points: sources, central heating points, problem and end consumers;

2) verification of “errors” - examination (as an option - selective) with photographing of networks, wells, chambers, heating points; taking readings from measuring instruments, metering devices; measurements using portable measuring instruments (pyrometer, ultrasonic flow meter);

3) assessment of the unknown pressure drop (hydraulic resistance) on consumers’ in-house heating systems. The so-called Legostin formula is used. It is based on an empirical rule used by experienced heating engineer S.G. Legostin. In formalized form, this rule looks like this:

-∆H = 0.4 0.6Q,

where ∆H is the pressure drop on the intra-house heating system, m water. Art.;

This formula is used as a first approximation to calculate (select) this unknown “immeasurable” parameter;

4) selection of equivalent roughnesses - solving the inverse problem of verification hydraulic calculation.

As a first approximation we accept:

The selection of “critical” sections, the number of required iterations, and the accuracy of the result obtained are significantly influenced by the qualifications and intuition of the performer. The accuracy and adequacy of the resulting model of the heat supply system will depend on this, and therefore the quality of measures developed on its basis for adjusting the heat supply system and, accordingly, the number of consumers requiring regulation in the next heating season, the volume and cost of this work.

Automation (programming) of such procedures will reduce the requirements for personnel qualifications, the timing and cost of work on setting up and regulating heat supply systems, and increase the accuracy and quality of the result. Main (technical) results of the proposed solution:

automated determination of control points - places where system parameters are measured for model calibration;
automated determination of equivalent roughness of network sections and hydraulic resistance of intra-house systems based on measurement data at control points without disturbing the operating modes of the heat supply system.

3. Connecting a new consumer

There is: a working heat supply system (systems) and a construction plan for the building (buildings) - the heat consumer (consumers). Objectives: to identify the optimal point(s) for connecting the consumer(s) to heating networks; determine the necessary measures for the reconstruction (construction of elements) of the heat supply system (networks, sources, central heating stations, pumping stations), setting up the system to connect new consumers without damaging old ones (without loss of quality, safety and reliability of heat supply), taking into account the optimization of the cost of these measures and long-term economic effect from connection.

Unaccounted expenses and water losses: methods of identification and control

4. Automation of development, updating and verification of electronic models and heat supply circuits

For a heat supply scheme, only a paper document is not enough. This must be computer system, which allows, based on initial data, to calculate the calculated values of the parameters of the heat supply system and automatically generate a “paper” heat supply diagram as a reporting document. When updating, everything is automatically recalculated.

GeoInfoGrad has developed an automation system for the heat supply scheme of the Fryazino urban district, complementing the electronic model based on the ZuluThermo software and calculation complex. It allows you to analyze the existing state of the heat supply system of the urban district and simulate its development in accordance with the city development plan and Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 22, 2012 No. 154.

Among the main results of applying the model are future balances of thermal power, coolant and fuel, costs and income from heat sales, as well as financial results of the heat supply organization, taking into account the costs of construction and reconstruction of heat sources and heating networks, forecast of the cost of generated and supplied thermal energy. Such a solution can be considered as a prototype of the required automated system “Heat Supply Scheme”.

The developed automation system for the heat supply circuit includes the following subsystems:

data module on climate, fuel used, GOST and OST requirements, etc.;
general plan data;
data on existing and future heat supply zones;
fuel balances;
power and coolant balances;
calculation of material and financial costs for heat supply zones;
justification of investments in the development of heat supply systems.

If data is entered into the first three modules, then all other necessary calculations are made on their basis. Data is presented in a form ready for both insertion into a report and use in creating an electronic model.

A sample application of the Heat Supply Scheme Automation System - updating the heat supply scheme of the Fryazino urban district until 2029. In particular, for the heat supply scheme, setting up heating networks and modeling emergency modes, an electronic model of the heat supply system was created in ZuluThermo: www.geoinfograd.ru/f/shema- fr.

The main capabilities of the Automation System for Heat Supply Schemes and its significant differences from the electronic model of the heat supply system, which meets the requirements of Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 22, 2012 No. 154, are presented in Fig. 2.

In the future, the following functions should be implemented in the system:

automatic determination of the required list of source data;
automated issuance of a request for the provision of initial data;
automated compilation of forms (tables) for filling in with initial data;
automatic verification of entering the necessary data;
automated processing of initial data and automated calculation of intermediate data necessary for drawing up a heat supply scheme;
automated filling of forms (tables) characterizing the heat supply scheme (in accordance with the guidelines for drawing up heat supply schemes);
automated preparation of a reporting document according to the heat supply scheme;
automatic verification of the document for compliance with the requirements of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 22, 2012 No. 154;
automated changes to the heat supply scheme, including for annual updating.

Additional functions will also be useful:

automatic issuance of instructions for the implementation (implementation) of the heat supply scheme;
automated preparation of business plans to attract investment.

The automation system must be compatible with Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, GIS Zulu, ZuluThermo and maintain functionality when drawing up a heat supply scheme for any type of settlement - urban districts and urban settlements, rural settlements.

conclusions

To automate many tasks (processes) of accounting, modeling, adjustment and planning for the development of centralized heat supply, water supply and sanitation systems, a special software. Both organizations and utility companies are already using it. However, many tasks (processes) in this area are still not automated (not programmed) or not sufficiently automated. To automate them, it is necessary to confirm the need for this among industry enterprises, set priorities, clarify requirements, and develop standards for the corresponding automated systems (software).

Automation (programming) of such procedures and the use of modern information technologies in the housing and communal services sector will reduce the requirements for personnel qualifications or the number of necessary specialists, reduce the time and cost of work on setting up and regulating heat supply systems, optimizing the hydraulic operating modes of centralized water supply and sanitation systems, development and updating heat supply, water supply and sanitation schemes, as well as improve the accuracy and quality of the result.

Information technologies in housing and communal services. Presentation on the topic: Information technology in housing and communal services. Electronic models of heat, water supply and sanitation systems

Presentation on the topic: Information technologies in housing and communal services

Electronic models of heat, water supply and sanitation systems

New technologies in heating and hot water supply systems, heat exchange equipment

Economic effect from the use of modern information technologies in housing and communal services

What are the requirements for a resource supply agreement?

Obstacles to the implementation of the latest information technologies in the housing and communal services sector

Tasks for automating system modeling

conclusions