HTML abbreviations. Less known semantic elements. Default style

The code element is used to specify computer code or a programming language such as PHP, JavaScript, CSS, XML, etc. For short snippets within a sentence, you can simply place the element around the code snippet like this:

onclick directly in the HTML.

For larger code samples that span multiple lines, you can use preformatted blocks, as shown in Lecture 15, “Marking up Text Content in HTML.”

Although there is no specific method for indicating which programming language or the code is shown in a code element, the class attribute can be used. A common practice (mentioned in the HTML 5 draft) is to use the language- prefix and then add the name of the language. So the example above would look like this:

It is bad form to use event handlers like onclick directly in the HTML.

Some programming languages ​​have names that are not easily represented in classes, such as C# (C-sharp). The right way The entry in this case will be "class="language-c\#"" , which can create difficulties and lead to typos. I would recommend using a class consisting of only letters and hyphens, and writing it in its entirety. Therefore, in this case, it is better to use "class="language-csharp"" .

Computer interaction output

Two elements samp and kbd can be used for input and output interaction with a computer program. For example:

One common method of determining if a computer is connected to the internet is to use the computer program ping to see if a computer is likely to be running is reachable.

kittaghy% ping -o google.com
 PING google.com (64.233.187.99): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 64.233.187.99: icmp_seq=0 ttl=242 time=108.995 ms --- google.com ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0  % packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 108.995/108.995/108.995/0.000 ms

Element samp indicates a sample output from a computer program. As shown in this example, Various types output can be specified using class attribute. However, there is no widely accepted agreement on what kinds of classes to use.

The kbd element specifies the input of the user's interaction with the computer. Although this is traditionally keyboard input (hence the abbreviation "kbd"), it should also be used to indicate other types of input, such as voice input.

Variables

The var element is used to specify variables in text content. It may include algebraic mathematical expressions or be in program code. For example:

The value of x in 3 x+2=14 is 4.

my $welcome= "Hello world!";

Citation

The cite element is used to indicate where nearby content comes from—when quoting a person, book, or other publication, or generally when referring people to another source, that source should be placed within a cite element. For example:

The saying Everything should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler is often attributed to Albert Einstein, but it actually a paraphrasing of a quote which is much less easy to understand.

Description

Tag indicates that the sequence of characters is an abbreviation. Using the title attribute, the abbreviation is deciphered, which allows those people who are not familiar with it to understand the abbreviation. In addition, search engines index the full-text version of the abbreviation, which can be used to improve the ranking of the document.

Browsers do not highlight text inside , with the exception of Opera before version 15, which adds dotted underlines to text.

Syntax

Attributes

Closing tag

Required.

HTML5 IE Cr Op Sa Fx

CGI denotes the protocol by which any external programs interact with the web server. Using CGI, you can run programs on the server in any programming language and display the result of their actions as a web page.

The result of this example is shown in Fig. 1.

Rice. 1. Type of tooltip when hovering the mouse over the abbreviation text

Browsers

Internet Explorer browser up to version 6 does not support the tag , it is recommended to use the tag instead .

The HTML Abbreviation element( ) represents an abbreviation or acronym; the optional title attribute can provide an expansion or description for the abbreviation. If present, title must contain this full description and nothing else.

The source for this interactive example is stored in a GitHub repository. If you"d like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request.

Accessibility concerns

Spelling out the acronym or abbreviation in full the first time it is used on a page is beneficial for helping people understand it, especially if the content is technical or industry jargon.

Example

JavaScript Object Notation ( JSON) is a lightweight data-interchange format.

This is especially helpful for people who are unfamiliar with the terminology or concepts discussed in the content, people who are new to the language, and people with cognitive concerns.

Specifications

Browser compatibility

The compatibility table in this page is generated from structured data. If you"d like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data and send us a pull request.

Update compatibility data on GitHub

Legend

See also

• Other elements conveying text-level semantics : element (or anchor element), with its href attribute, creates a hyperlink to web pages, files, email addresses, locations in the same page, or anything else a URL can address."> , !} , ) indicates that its contents have strong importance, seriousness, or urgency. Browsers typically render the contents in bold type."> , element represents side-comments and small print, like copyright and legal text, independent of its styled presentation. By default, it renders text within it one font-size small, such as from small to x-small."> , ) is used to describe a reference to a cited creative work, and must include the title of that work."> , element indicates that the enclosed text is a short inline quotation. Most modern browsers implement this by surrounding the text in quotation marks. "> , ) is used to indicate the term being defined within the context of a definition phrase or sentence."> , element represents a specific period in time."> , element displays its contents styled in a fashion intended to indicate that the text is a short fragment of computer code."> , ) represents the name of a variable in a mathematical expression or a programming context."> , ) is used to enclose inline text which represents sample (or quoted) output from a computer program."> , ) represents a span of inline text denoting textual user input from a keyboard, voice input, or any other text entry device."> , ) specifies inline text which should be displayed as subscript for solely typographical reasons."> , ) specifies inline text which is to be displayed as superscript for solely typographical reasons."> , ) is used to draw the reader" s attention to the element contents which are not otherwise granted special importance.> , element represents a range of text that is set off from the normal text for some reason. Some examples include technical terms, foreign language phrases, or fictional character thoughts. It is typically displayed in italic type."> , ) represents text which is marked or highlighted for reference or notation purposes, due to the marked passage" s relevance or importance in the enclosing context.> , element represents a ruby ​​annotation. Ruby annotations are for showing pronunciation of East Asian characters."> , ) element is used to provide fall-back parentheses for browsers that do not support display of ruby ​​annotations using the element."> , ) element specifies the ruby ​​text component of a ruby ​​annotation, which is used to provide pronunciation, translation, or transliteration information for East Asian typography. The element must always be contained within a element."> , ) overrides the current directionality of text, so that the text within is rendered in a different direction."> , .
• The obsolete ) allows authors to clearly indicate a sequence of characters that compose an acronym or abbreviation for a word."> element, whose responsibilities were folded into !}